What are the causes of hemoptysis?

  Respiratory system and circulatory system diseases are the main ones.  1. Bronchial diseases: common ones are: bronchiectasis, bronchopulmonary cancer, endobronchial tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis.  The rare ones are: bronchial adenoma, bronchial calculus, etc.  2.Pulmonary diseases: common ones are: tuberculosis, pneumonia, lung abscess.  Rare: pulmonary bruising, pulmonary infarction, pulmonary fungal disease, pulmonary schistosomiasis, pulmonary arteriovenous fistula.  3.Circulatory system: common: mitral valve stenosis. Hemoptysis can also occur in cases of atrial septal defect and pulmonary hypertension due to arteriovenous catheterization.  4, other: blood diseases, acute infectious diseases (epidemic hemorrhagic fever), rheumatic diseases, etc..  Among them, tuberculosis accounts for 38%, bronchopulmonary cancer 9%, chronic inflammation of the lung, lung abscess 9%.