How to take care of the diet and nutrition of tumor patients

According to different age, gender and disease, different treatment measures should be adjusted accordingly. The diet for tumor patients includes normal diet, soft diet, semi-liquid and liquid diet, which should be chosen according to the patient’s specific condition and digestion and absorption ability. Generally, the calorie supply of tumor patients is similar to that of normal people. For some diseases such as esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer and surgical intestinal segment removal, patients can be provided with high-calorie liquid diet every day according to their condition. Patients with neck radiation therapy have less saliva, dry and painful throat and difficulty in swallowing, so diet should be more hydrating and cooler. Some patients after neck surgery are prone to choking and coughing when eating, which makes them afraid to eat, so they should be given a soft or dry semi-liquid diet. Patients receiving radiation therapy and chemotherapy often have abnormal taste and anorexia, so they can add condiments in food, such as sweetness and freshness, to stimulate appetite. Patients with lung cancer often have cough and phlegm, so they can eat lily, silver fungus, almond, etc., which can moisten the lung and stop cough and resolve phlegm. The diet of tumor patients should pay attention to the following points: 1. Supply sufficient calories, proteins and vitamins to maintain the nutrition of patients. The diet should be varied and easy to digest. Eat more milk, eggs, fish, meat, poultry and soy products containing high quality protein; eat more honey and sugar-rich rice and noodles to replenish calories; eat more vitamin-rich fruits, peanut rice and fresh vegetables such as carrots, tomatoes and cabbage. 2, pay attention to the food containing trace elements and the appropriate intake of fat. Among the minerals, selenium and molybdenum have anti-cancer effects. Foods containing selenium include mushrooms, garlic, onions, millet and corn, etc. Foods containing molybdenum include soybeans, lentils and radishes, etc. The intake of moderate amount of fat and vegetable oil can help the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and can supplement calories. 3.Select foods with auxiliary anti-cancer effects. For example, seaweed, nori and other seafood have the function of softening and dispersing knots; carrot can improve the phagocytosis ability of macrophages; shiitake mushroom, fungus, beans, ericaceous, yellow cauliflower and asparagus are all foods with auxiliary anti-cancer function. 4. Avoid foods that are not easy to digest, pay attention to the color, aroma and taste of dishes, and eat more tomatoes, radishes, hawthorn and red dates, which are good for digestion and have anti-cancer effects. 5. Pay attention to improving dietary habits and cooking methods, not to eat food contaminated by mold and toxins, or burnt, smoked, pickled and high-salt food. In addition, when eating, avoid sadness, worries, boredom, etc., and eat in a relaxed and happy state of mind to maintain a good mood, which is conducive to digestion and absorption.