A heart with a local anatomical abnormality caused by a disorder in the formation of the heart and large blood vessels during human embryonic development (within the first 8 to 12 weeks of pregnancy) or a failure to close a channel that should be closed after birth (which is normal in the fetus) becomes a congenital heart defect. Except for a few small ventricular septal defects that have a chance of healing spontaneously within 2 to 4 years of age, the vast majority require surgery or interventional treatment. The main clinical manifestations are cardiac insufficiency, cyanosis and dysplasia. Zheng Xiaozhou, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Jinan Military Region