Reflux esophagitis is a digestive inflammation that occurs when digestive juices reflux and erode the epithelium of the esophagus. The common causes are as follows: ① gastritis, ulcer disease and various causes of pyloric obstruction; ② hiatal hernia; ③ congenital abnormalities such as congenital hypoplasia of the lower esophageal sphincter; ④ medical causes such as Heller myotomy, highly selective vagotomy and major gastrectomy for cardia failure; ⑤ other causes such as primary lower esophageal sphincter closure insufficiency, esophageal varices, severe burns, etc. Reflux esophagitis usually has a long history and the symptoms are mainly retrosternal pain, acid reflux, bleeding and dysphagia. Reflux esophagitis can be divided into four stages according to the degree of lesion: ① epithelial cell degeneration stage: chemical stimulation caused by esophageal epithelial cell degeneration, manifested as esophageal mucosa congestion, redness and swelling; ② ulcer formation stage: esophageal mucosa destruction, superficial or deep ulcers, severe perioesophagitis and esophageal perforation causing mediastinitis; ③ sclerosis stage: esophageal repair and healing process, esophageal wall thickening, hardening; ④ stenosis (iv) Stenosis: due to thickening of the esophageal wall and contraction of the fibrotic scar, narrowing or longitudinal shortening of the wall occurs, and Barrett’s esophagus may also appear, with a tendency of malignant transformation. Some patients may develop stenosis quickly, some may develop for years without significant progress, some may have severe inflammation but mild reflux symptoms, and some may have significant symptoms but mild inflammation. It may be fatal if complications such as pulmonary infection, hemoptysis, gastrointestinal bleeding, deep ulcer perforation causing mediastinitis, and secondary malignancy occur. The diagnosis of reflux esophagitis is based on: ① endoscopy; ② esophagogram; ③ esophageal manometry; and ④ determination of the acidity (PH) of the lower esophagus. Once diagnosed and symptomatic, reflux esophagitis should be treated immediately with medical/conservative treatment to prevent reflux, and most patients can be cured. In a few patients with severe symptoms or complications that cannot be controlled by internal medicine, the most appropriate anti-reflux surgical treatment should be reasonably selected according to each patient’s specific situation (medical history and various objective examination data), and the efficiency of surgical methods such as Mark IV, Nissen and Hill has been proven to be high. For patients with esophagus, dilatation therapy should be preferred, and it is also advisable to perform dilatation therapy before the above-mentioned surgery. Dilatation treatment of esophageal strictures has been carried out early in our department, relieving the pain of most patients with esophageal strictures, and has accumulated rich clinical experience. Usually, one dilation is sufficient to relieve the symptoms, but for severe stenosis, gradual dilation is needed, often 2-3 times, with an interval of 2-3 weeks each time, and usually a dilation of the esophageal diameter to 14 mm can basically relieve the symptoms of dysphagia.