The survival time after esophageal cancer surgery is closely related to the malignancy degree of the tumor and whether metastasis occurs or not, so specific analysis should be made for specific problems. Esophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor, squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma are common, mainly manifested as progressive difficulty in swallowing food and foreign body sensation in swallowing food, etc. Generally, surgery is the first choice to be considered when treating it. For esophageal cancer surgery patients, if they are early and very early stage esophageal cancer patients, the prognosis is better and after follow-up treatment, the survival period is generally longer and may not even affect the life expectancy and the recurrence rate is lower; if they are middle to late stage patients, the survival rate after surgery is lower and may only be a few years, while middle to late stage can survive for 5-20 years or even longer after effective treatment; but if metastasis occurs, especially multiple metastases, it may only be 1-2 years. After esophageal cancer surgery, it is recommended that patients should adjust their mentality in time and face it positively and optimistically. At the same time, they should pay attention to diet and exercise appropriately to improve life quality and prolong life.