The spleen is an important immune organ in the body, with hematopoietic, blood storage, blood filtering and immune functions. Primary diseases of the spleen are mostly secondary lesions, such as splenomegaly in the case of portal hypertension. The main surgical treatment is splenectomy. The main indications for splenectomy are traumatic splenic rupture; hypersplenism in portal hypertension; primary splenic disease or occupying (e.g., tumor, abscess) lesions; hematopoietic disorders such as immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), thalassemia, leukemia, Hodgkin’s disease), etc. At present, the main types of splenectomy are open splenectomy and laparoscopic splenectomy. Open splenectomy has been used in the early 19th century for the treatment of hematologic disorders and is a classic surgical procedure that generally uses a longer incision in the left upper abdomen and suffers from the shortcomings of high surgical trauma, postoperative complications, and longer hospital stays. Compared with open surgery, laparoscopic splenectomy 1aparoscopic splenectomy, LS, has the characteristics of less trauma, faster recovery and lower complication rate, etc. In 1991, Delaitre et al. completed the first laparoscopic splenectomy in the world, and the technique was carried out in China in 1994. It has become the preferred procedure for splenectomy in the treatment of hematologic diseases, benign tumors of the spleen, etc. The indications for laparoscopic splenectomy are: 1) hematologic diseases requiring splenectomy (e.g., idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)), with effects similar to those of open surgery and rapid postoperative recovery; 2) benign occupying splenic lesions (e.g., splenic malformation, multiple cysts, etc.); 3) splenic injury: closed abdominal injury with splenic rupture; 4) portal hypertension with hypersplenism: patients with mild or severe splenomegaly, etc. Contraindications mainly include: malignant tumor of the spleen, giant spleen, history of previous upper abdominal surgery, severe cardiopulmonary organ dysfunction, etc. With the accumulation of surgical experience and updating of instruments, the indications for laparoscopic splenectomy are expanding, such as experienced laparoscopic surgeons completing patients with liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and giant spleen secondary to hypersplenism. At this stage, there are three main types of laparoscopic splenectomy as follows: 1. Complete laparoscopic splenectomy: 3-5 perforations of about 5 or 10 mm in length in the abdomen can complete all laparoscopic operations. 2. Laparoscopic-assisted splenectomy: 6-8 cm incision is made under the left costal margin into the abdominal cavity, and the splenic tip is treated under direct vision, and the rest of the steps are the same as for complete laparoscopic splenectomy. 3. Hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy. 3. Hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy is performed by poking a hole in the umbilicus to place the laparoscope, and an incision is made between the median glabella and umbilicus in the upper abdomen, and the operator completes splenectomy with the help of a special laparoscopic device. 4. Robot-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy has the characteristics of stable images and delicate operation. The complications of laparoscopic splenectomy are basically the same as those of traditional open splenectomy, such as bleeding, infection, and abdominal organ damage. However, it has the incomparable advantages of open surgery: the advantages of less trauma, faster recovery, and beautiful incision. Laparoscopic splenectomy has been mastered by many multi-lumpectomy surgeons, and it is believed that with the accumulation of experience and, the safety of the operation will be greatly increased and the superiority of laparoscopic technology will be further reflected.