1.What is the manifestation of writing spasm? The main manifestations are inflexible and uncoordinated fingers, spasmodic contraction of hand muscles or trembling of both hands or even the whole arm muscles, making the function of both hands impaired and unable to use the hands for fine work; typical intuition is seen in the difficulty of holding the pen, writing skewed, and in severe cases, unable to hold the pen and write. 2.What is the cause of writing spasm? Writing spasm is a limited dystonia that occurs in the hand. Patients struggle to hold a pen and write, exerting excessive force on the wrist and fingers, but writing is still very slow, and some patients have tremors along with the spasm, making handwriting very difficult to read. The hand movements can be unaffected by other activities. The cause of the spasticity is not known. However, it is often triggered by excessive physical fatigue (especially of the hand), or by stress. The more nervous I am, the more I am afraid of not writing well, the more pronounced the spasm becomes. If you do other things that do not require fine manipulation of the hand, the mood is calm and the spasm is very mild or even does not occur. Patients with writing spasms have quick thinking, no hemiplegia, normal muscle strength, no muscle atrophy, sensory presence and normal reflexes. 3.Do you need to do imaging examination for writing spasm? Patients with writing spasms should undergo head imaging. CT examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head are usually not significantly abnormal. 4.How is writing spasm classified? How to diagnose? (1) Spasticity type (hypertonicity type): It is the most common type, which causes spasm or alternating contraction of hand and wrist muscles when writing. (2) Tremor type (hyperkinetic type): the hand shaking tremor can be seen when writing, and the tremor gradually increases with writing, especially under the influence of mental stress and more pronounced, this performance is the result of the active muscle and antagonist muscle disorder. (3) paralysis type (weak type): the patient writes with a sense of fatigue and weakness, because the muscle force is weak and can not be arbitrarily dominated, similar to the state of paralysis and can not use the pen, and sometimes pain along the nerve line. Writing spasms are common in occupational neurological functional system diseases, mainly in professionals who are engaged in long-term hand refinement, such as: teachers, editors, secretaries, writers, painters, calligraphers, transcribers, draftsmen, typists, telegraphists, piano players, etc. 5.How can writing spasm be treated? Which method is the most feasible? Writing spasm mostly occurs in young people, affecting study and work, first medication and psychological adjustment, medication is often no significant effect. If the symptoms are serious, surgical treatment (stereotactic surgery) can be considered. 6.How is the surgical treatment of writing spasm? What is the effect? Writing spasm can be treated by stereotactic surgery. This includes stereotactic deep brain nucleus destruction and deep brain electrical stimulation (brain pacemaker implantation). This type of surgery requires sophisticated stereotactic techniques and advanced surgical equipment to perform. The surgery is a minimally invasive procedure with high precision and accuracy, with low surgical risk and good treatment results.