In daily life, if there is pain or dysfunction in the shoulder joint. The first thing that comes to mind is “frozen shoulder”. The medical term for frozen shoulder is “frozen shoulder”, which is called “adhesive capsulitis”. In fact, the incidence of frozen shoulder is not very high, only about 2%, while rotator cuff injury has the highest incidence of shoulder joint disorders. Studies have found that the incidence of rotator cuff injury increases significantly with age, from 4% in people under 40 years of age to 28% in people between 40 and 60 years of age, and 54% in people over 60 years of age. Several scientific studies have shown that there is a 60% chance that rotator cuff tears are responsible for shoulder pain in people over 60 years of age. So what is rotator cuff? How does it get damaged? The rotator cuff refers to four muscles: the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis. They are also called rotator cuffs because they wrap around the shoulder joint like a sleeve, and play an extremely important role in the function and stability of the shoulder. A rotator cuff injury is a tear of the rotator cuff tendon, like a torn cuff. In young athletic people, rotator cuff injuries are most often associated with throwing or overhead movements, such as volleyball, baseball, badminton, gymnastics, swimming, etc. In older people, rotator cuff tears are more likely to be the result of prolonged wear and tear, ischemia and degeneration of the tendon. Repeated overhead movements tend to cause the rotator cuff and rotator spurs and rostral shoulder ligaments to impact and rub together, making rotator cuff tears more likely to occur over time. Pay special attention! Unfortunately, these patients who are misdiagnosed with frozen shoulder also follow the rehabilitation exercises for frozen shoulder, such as “wall climbing”, or artificially loosening the rotator cuff joint by forcible manipulation under the guidance of a doctor. These rehabilitation methods can cause the rotator cuff rupture to continue to expand, aggravating the injury and leading to different degrees of muscle atrophy and shoulder stiffness, and long-term pain can also lead to depression and neurological weakness. Once a large irreparable rotator cuff tear is formed, it can lead to disability and osteoarthritis of the shoulder joint, and many patients eventually have to undergo artificial joint replacement to relieve the condition. How is it treated? ”Early diagnosis and intervention is especially important for rotator cuff tears in middle-aged and older people over the age of 40, or in younger people who experience shoulder pain after a traumatic injury, especially if the pain is aggravated by lifting the hand over the head, accompanied by a feeling of weakness, the first thing to suspect is a rotator cuff injury and should be seen by a sports injury doctor as soon as possible. Mild rotator cuff injuries can be slowed down by conservative treatments such as physical therapy, functional exercises and medications, but torn rotator cuff tissues generally cannot heal. Patients with large or massive tears, trauma-induced full-layer tears, and those who have not been treated for 3 months with conservative treatment should undergo early arthroscopic minimally invasive treatment to sew the torn rotator cuff back to the bone in order to heal the rotator cuff. After surgery and systematic rehabilitation, the patient will be able to regain function.