Cochlear implant perioperative period Introduction The perioperative period: also known as the full surgical period (preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative), refers to the period from the time the patient is welcomed into the surgical ward to the time the patient is discharged from the hospital after surgery. Depending on the time, it is divided into: pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative. The following describes the preoperative and postoperative precautions respectively. Pre-operative: 1. Audiological and temporal bone imaging examinations; 2. Routine cardiac, hepatic, renal, pulmonary and coagulation function tests; 3. Skin preparation 6 cm behind the ear on the operated side 1 day before surgery, nail clipping and cleaning of the child. The following communication with the child and parents is also conducted before surgery: the child is prelingually deaf, has language communication disorder, is relatively withdrawn and paranoid, and has a fear of surgery. The medical staff has more contact with the children to gain their trust so that they can accept the surgery and treatment in a good psychological state. Parents should be informed of the importance of cochlear implantation to the child’s hearing and language recovery and the expected efficacy of cochlear implantation, so that they can establish appropriate expectations and emphasize the importance and long-term nature of post-operative hearing and language rehabilitation training, so that parents can actively cooperate with the treatment. 2. Postoperative care: 1. Monitor vital signs for 6 hours after surgery; 2. If the child is irritable, parents should hold his hands to avoid scratching, which will affect the healing of the incision; closely observe the wound for blood oozing and pain, and apply antibiotics and hemostatic drugs as prescribed by the doctor. 1. Infection: Postoperative infection is one of the most important factors leading to implantation failure. 2. Electrode dislodgement: After surgery, the patient should be braked for 3 days to reduce head movement. 3. Lymphatic fistula, vertigo, and vaginitis: Since the cochlear implant is inserted in the inner ear drum, lymphatic fistula, vertigo, and vaginitis may occur as a result of touching the external lymphatic fluid and stimulating the vagus. 4. Facial palsy: Since the facial nerve is stimulated, compressed, and exposed during surgery, facial palsy may occur after surgery. Facial palsy may exist after surgery. Postoperatively, observe whether the patient has facial movement disorder and treat it timely. Postoperative start-up refers to the installation of cochlear implant devices and the commissioning of the cochlear implant system by audiology professionals. The start-up time is usually about one month after surgery. During the first month after start-up, the cochlear implant is adjusted once a week for a total of four times. This can be changed to once every two weeks or once a month, depending on the patient’s condition, for a total of 2-3 times. Subsequently, commissioning is done every 3 months for a total of 2-3 times. Finally patients should be followed up by professional institutions every 6 months to a year.