On May 19, the American College of Physicians published an updated guideline for screening for common cancers in Annals of Internal Medicine and strongly recommended it for use by physicians in this country. Compared with previous guidelines, the new screening recommendations place more emphasis on targeting the general population with no specific risk and focus more on the effectiveness of screening protocols to avoid unnecessary further consultation and treatment due to false-positive results. For women aged 40-49 years with no specific risk, the benefits and harms of individual mammography screening should be discussed; for those who still request screening after being informed, biennial mammography should be performed. 2. Encourage biennial mammograms for women aged 50-74 years. Screening for breast cancer is not encouraged for women under 40 years of age or over 75 years of age, or for women in poor health and with a life expectancy of less than 10 years. 4. Do not use MRI or laminar imaging for screening in women of any age with no specific risk, and eliminate annual mammograms. Cervical cancer 1. No cervical cancer screening for women younger than 21 years of age. 2.For women aged 21-29 years (who have had sex), cervical cytology smear once every 3 years (editor’s note: once a year in China). 3.For women aged 30-65 years, 1 cervical cytology smear + HPV test every 5 years. 4.In women under 30 years of age, HPV testing is not recommended. 5. Screening may be discontinued in women over 65 years of age who have 3 consecutive negative cytology results, or 2 consecutive negative cytology tests and negative HPV tests in the last 10 years (requiring the most recent test to be within 5 years). 6. At any age, those who have undergone hysterectomy and hysterectomy for cervical cancer will not be screened for cervical cancer again. 7. Do not use pelvic double-handed examination for cervical cancer screening. Colorectal cancer 1. For patients aged 50-75 years, it is recommended to choose any one of the following screening methods: FOBT with high sensitivity fecal occult blood test or FIT with fecal immunofluorescence test once a year; sigmoidoscopy once every 5 years; FOBT or FIT with high sensitivity once every 3 years combined with sigmoidoscopy once every 5 years; colonoscopy once every 10 years; 2. For the above 4 mentioned screening methods, screening is not recommended. screening modalities mentioned above, the frequency of screening does not exceed the recommended frequency. 3. For adult patients who have undergone screening colonoscopy within 10 years, no further intermittent stool examination or sigmoidoscopy will be performed. 4. No further colorectal cancer screening for patients younger than 50 years or older than 75 years, and for patients in poor health and with a life expectancy of less than 10 years. Ovarian cancer Screening for ovarian cancer is not performed for women without specific risk. Prostate cancer 1. Among men aged 50-69 years, inform them of the limitations and potential risks of PSA testing for unsolicited inquiries about PSA-based prostate cancer screening. 2. For men aged 50-69 years, PSA testing was not performed for those who did not have relevant informative discussions and those who did not show a clear intention to be screened. 3. PSA testing will not be performed in men younger than 50 years of age or older than 69 years of age, and in those with a life expectancy of less than 10 years. It is important to note that the ACP states that these recommendations are only for the general population with no specific risk, and not for patients with a family history, or with other high risk factors. Previously, there has been long-standing criticism about the overdiagnosis and excessive false-positive rates associated with low-validity screening tools, such as PSA testing for prostate cancer and mammography. The American College of Physicians says that new screening recommendations will, inevitably, lead to missed diagnoses in some cancer patients, but if previous screening guidelines are followed, with the goal of maximizing detection rates, “there will be harm to the broader population through overtreatment and overdiagnosis. We aim to find an optimal balance, not to find every individual patient.”