Neural demyelinating diseases include central and peripheral nervous system demyelinating diseases, which refer to diseases caused by the loss and reduced production of myelin in the nervous system, and can be divided into primary and secondary demyelination. Primary demyelination refers to lesions in which the destruction of the myelin sheath itself is the main cause, while secondary demyelination is caused by the destruction of other tissue structures involving the myelin sheath, including acquired demyelinating diseases, idiopathic demyelinating diseases, and hereditary demyelinating diseases: 1. Acquired demyelinating diseases: mostly secondary to other diseases, such as acute and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies; 2. Idiopathic demyelinating diseases: including multiple Sclerosis, optic neuromyelitis optica, associated with the immune system, occurring in young people, of which women are more common; 3, hereditary demyelinating diseases: due to congenital disorders of myelin formation, mainly cerebral white matter dystrophy, more common in children. The role of myelin sheath is mainly to protect the human neurons, so that nerve impulses in the neurons above the very good transmission, if myelin loss, neurophysiological transmission of signals can be impaired, can be manifested as limb weakness, abnormal sensation and other symptoms. Patients with demyelinating disease are recommended to get early treatment to avoid deterioration of the disease.