As medical and economic conditions improve, people’s standard of living increases, the average life expectancy of the elderly increases, and the incidence of tuberculosis in the elderly gradually increases. The immunity of the body decreases in old age, and untreated or untreated TB infection in young age does not completely destroy Mycobacterium tuberculosis, leading to endogenous re-infection; some patients are also re-infected. However, because there are many concomitant diseases in old age, infection with TB is generally not easy to detect, and when TB is diagnosed, the disease is more serious, and treating TB is more difficult. Because of the large side effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs, especially damage to the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney and blood system, serious drug side effects may endanger the lives of patients, such as severe allergic reactions, gastrointestinal bleeding, liver and kidney failure, etc. In addition, elderly patients are mostly combined with chronic branch, bronchial expansion, asthma, hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, chronic liver disease, cerebral infarction and other diseases, which require comprehensive treatment. Therefore, the treatment for each elderly TB patient is different and requires an individualized plan tailored to the patient’s condition, comorbidities, economic status and response to anti-TB drugs, and the outcome of treatment is different for each patient.