Anyone who experiences pain or swelling in the lower abdomen around the time of menstruation or during menstruation, with lumbago or other discomfort that is so severe that it affects the quality of life and work, is called dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea is one of the more common symptoms in women. For women with dysmenorrhea, it is important to distinguish between organic lesions and those that are not. For patients with organic lesions, i.e. secondary dysmenorrhea, the first step is to find and treat the cause, which can be eliminated and the dysmenorrhea can be relieved. For primary dysmenorrhea, it is also affected by mental and neurological factors. For this kind of patients, firstly, we should pay attention to psycho-psychological treatment, and secondly, we can apply prostaglandin synthase inhibitor for pain relief. In short, for patients with dysmenorrhea, we must first find the cause of dysmenorrhea, and only for the cause can we give targeted and reasonable treatment.