With the increased pressure of modern work, many people’s dietary structure has started to change. The change of diet structure makes many people develop gastrointestinal and esophageal problems, which are difficult to treat once they develop into advanced stages. Esophageal cancer is a common tumor disease, so we should do our best to prevent it. Here are the ways to prevent esophageal cancer. The first step to prevent esophageal cancer: protect the esophagus. Esophagus is the organ through which everything is eaten. Food is formed into a ball in the esophagus and enters the stomach in an orderly way for digestion. It is important to chew and swallow slowly. Saliva is secreted by three kinds of glands, which, when fully mixed with food, can promote digestion, hydrolyze starch or maltose, etc.; dilute and dissolve food, and enhance taste; mucin can lubricate food, facilitate swallowing, neutralize toxic substances and sterilize. Swallowing can damage the esophagus. Do not eat food that is too hot, too hard and irritating. Otherwise the oral, esophageal and gastric mucosa will be damaged. Stimulating foods also include strong tea, strong coffee, strong alcohol, etc. Pay attention to oral hygiene. Any lesion in the oral cavity is not good for digestion, and if there is infection, it can easily spread to the esophagus. The second step of esophageal cancer prevention: refuse cancer-causing foods. Nitrosamines are closely related to esophageal cancer, and mold can enhance the carcinogenic effect of nitrosamines. Overnight vegetables, rotten fruits, moldy grains, commercially available salted fish, salted meat and pickles, as well as fried, fried and baked foods should be prohibited. Drinking water should pay attention to the water source, and tap water should be prevented from being contaminated, otherwise it can also cause cancer. Do not smoke. Smoking can cause a wide range of cancers, and the formation of cancer can cause cancers of the digestive, respiratory and urinary tracts. No alcohol abuse. It is inevitable to drink a lot of alcohol for a long time without consuming carcinogens. Some wine contains carcinogens such as nitrosamines and aflatoxins, and indirect carcinogens such as aldehydes and alcohols. The third step to prevent esophageal cancer: reasonable nutrition. Epidemiological survey confirms that malnutrition is related to esophageal cancer. Lack of protein will lead to esophageal mucosal hyperplasia and easy malignant transformation, while lack of fat will hinder the absorption of essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins, which will affect health and lower immune function. It is important to eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, the former cannot replace the latter, because cooking often destroys a large number of vitamins and trace elements. To promote the drinking of tea. Green tea can prevent cancer, and is beneficial to cardiovascular disease and so on. But do not advocate booze, it is best to “taste”, to a small number of effective drink in the body. When pregnancy, breastfeeding, fever, bleeding and gastrointestinal disease, it is not or cautious to drink. The fourth step of esophageal cancer prevention: drug prevention. Patients suffering from esophageal cancer often lack trace elements such as iron, molybdenum, zinc, manganese, selenium and vitamins A, B2 and C. Aspirin can prevent this disease, so high-risk groups can supplement relevant trace elements, vitamins and drugs to prevent it under the guidance of physicians.