In clinical practice, if the patient’s calf vein thrombosis is superficial calf vein thrombosis or intermuscular calf vein thrombosis, then one of the three types of anticoagulants, namely warfarin, rivaroxaban, and dabigatran, should be taken orally. Moreover, the choice of drugs should be based on the patient’s condition and economic conditions. It should be noted that during the administration of these anticoagulants, the patient’s coagulation function must be monitored to prevent coagulation abnormalities that may lead to bleeding in other areas. It is also important to note that if the patient’s calf vein thrombosis occurs in a deep vein, then the patient must be given not only anticoagulation but also thrombolytic therapy. In clinical practice, if the patient’s calf vein thrombosis is in the acute stage, then the patient should be given an inferior vena cava filter, and the patient should be given urokinase intravenously so that the patient’s calf vein thrombosis will dissolve. Of course, this refers to the case when the patient’s calf vein thrombosis occurs in the deep vein.