There are many patients who have the question, why do they have ulcerative colitis while others do not have this disease? In fact, so far the etiology and pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease is still unclear, with the development of science and technology, it is now generally believed that the occurrence of ulcerative colitis is closely related to the intestinal microenvironment, host, intestinal mucosal immune regulation, etc. At the same time, ulcerative colitis is characterized by genetic susceptibility, the onset of family aggregation phenomenon, positive family history is the biggest independent risk factor for the development of ulcerative colitis. In addition, many patients with ulcerative colitis also suffer from anxiety and stress, which may cause autonomic dysfunction, malfunction of intestinal motility, and vasoconstriction, leading to inflammation of the intestinal wall and eventual ulcer formation. Therefore, psychological factors can trigger and aggravate ulcerative colitis. In addition, diet, smoking and intestinal infections may have an impact on ulcerative colitis. Currently, the main drugs used to treat ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates, hormones and immunosuppressants, which have poor therapeutic effects and all have certain side effects. Therefore, seeking Chinese medicine treatment is important to improve clinical symptoms, induce remission, and promote ulcer repair for mucosal healing.