Any disease treatment, adverse reactions will always be accompanied by, and chemotherapy as a special treatment, especially cause people to pay attention to, we should have an objective understanding of chemotherapy: (1) the progress of modern medicine, has made the adverse reactions of chemotherapy significantly reduced, the degree of mitigation: (1) the application of antiemetic drugs, so that most of the patients can tolerate the treatment; (2) the improvement of the drug, but also make the adverse reactions significantly reduced: for example, adriamycin – epothilone (ii) The improvement of drugs has also reduced the adverse reactions significantly: for example, adriamycin-epi-adriamycin (iii) The “white-boosting injection” produced by bioengineering technology can well prevent and treat leukopenia after chemotherapy; (iv) The emergence of new and powerful antibiotics has also provided a strong guarantee for chemotherapy; (2) Chemotherapy is not an end in itself, and our aim is the same as that of the patients and their families, i.e., the patients and their families will be treated by the same way. (2) Chemotherapy is not an end in itself; our aim is the same as that of patients and their families, i.e., to maximize the benefit of patients through treatment, so patients and their families need not regard chemotherapy as a ferocious beast. The so-called patient benefit can be divided into different levels: the disease is cured and the patient survives for a long time; the disease is not cured, but the survival period of the patient is prolonged; the quality of life of the patient is improved and the pain is alleviated. For some diseases, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia and stage III/IV follicular lymphoma, early treatment does not prolong the survival of patients, so a “watch and wait” treatment strategy is adopted to ensure the quality of life of patients. Different regimens have different adverse effects, and doctors should weigh the pros and cons before treatment: young Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients face the problems of marriage and childbearing after the disease has been cured, so in the choice of treatment regimen, it is necessary to avoid the impact on childbearing, and also need to minimize the chances of the patient’s second tumors in the future, so the first choice of treatment regimen is the ABVD regimen. We observed that the emetogenic effect of this regimen is more obvious, but the temporary adverse effects can be overcome relative to the preservation of fertility and lower risk of second tumor occurrence. ③ Aggressive lymphomas such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma can be cured with aggressive treatment, and temporary leukopenia and even infections should be surmountable relative to long-term survival after disease eradication. ④ For relapsed aggressive lymphoma, the cure rate of ordinary chemotherapy is only about 10%, while autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can achieve a cure rate of more than 55%. Although patients face risks such as infection and bleeding during autologous stem cell transplantation, and the quality of life is affected to some extent, most patients are cured after transplantation, so it is worthwhile to overcome the temporary adverse effects. Therefore, the adverse effects of chemotherapy are not to be feared, the key is for clinicians to weigh the pros and cons, so that patients can maximize the benefits from it, and at the same time, avoid unnecessary treatment-related adverse effects as much as possible, so that professional diagnosis and treatment are the most critical.