In women after natural menopause and ovarian deactivation, the ovarian function declines, the estrogen level decreases, the vaginal wall atrophies, the mucous membrane becomes thinner, the glycogen in the epithelium decreases, the PH value in the vagina increases, the local resistance decreases, and pathogenic bacteria can easily invade and reproduce, causing inflammation. The main symptoms are increased vaginal discharge, itching and burning sensation in the vulva. The vaginal discharge is thin and yellowish, or pus and blood leucorrhea if the infection is severe. Painful intercourse may be present. Gynecologic examination: The vagina shows senile changes with loss of epithelial folds, atrophy and thinness. The vaginal mucosa is congested with scattered small bleeding spots or punctate bleeding spots, and sometimes superficial ulcers are seen. The ulcers may cause adhesions, narrowing or even atresia of the vaginal wall resulting in pus accumulation in the vagina or in the uterine cavity. Diagnosis: Diagnosis is made by history of menopause, ovarian surgery or pelvic radiation therapy and clinical presentation. Pay attention to exclude other diseases such as uterine malignancy and routinely perform cervical scraping and, if necessary, segmental scraping. To exclude vaginal cancer, biopsy can be done at the suspected area. Microscopic examination of vaginal secretions: a large number of basal cells and leukocytes without trichomonas or pseudofilamentous yeast. Principles of treatment: Increase vaginal resistance and inhibit bacterial growth. Increase vaginal resistance: systemic or topical estrogen can be applied. Hexestrol 0.125-0.25mg, placed deep in the vagina every night for 7 days as a course of treatment; or 0.5% hexestrol ointment, or Haumeaestrol ointment, twice daily. For systemic use, nil estrol can be used, 4mg for the first time and then 2mg every 2-4 weeks for 2-3 months. Or use other sex hormone replacement therapy, paying attention to the indications for use. Inhibit bacterial growth: 1% lactic acid or 0.5% acetic acid douche once daily. Topical antibiotics such as metronidazole 200mg or norfloxacin 100mg once daily for 7-10 days can be applied at the same time.