Painless hematuria exists the possibility of having cancer, need to be integrated urine exfoliative cytology, tumor markers, cystoscopy, intravenous urography, pelvic CT/MRI and other tests to determine whether it is cancer. Painless hematuria can not be used to determine cancer alone, early stage of urological cancer patients will appear throughout the painless hematuria, but the diagnosis of cancer need to go to the hospital for further examination, if the examination of the patient’s urinary system there are tumors, biopsy of the tumor will be able to determine whether the tumor is malignant or not, cancer, that is, malignant tumors is another name. Clinically, the most accurate way to determine cancer is based on postoperative pathology reports, which can distinguish between benign and malignant tumors. There are benign and malignant tumors, and malignant tumors are only cancer. When there is a urinary tumor, the tumor is flushed by urine, and the small blood vessels on the surface may rupture, followed by the symptom of painless hematuria. In addition to tumors, urinary stones, urinary tract inflammation, nephritis and after strenuous exercise may lead to the emergence of painless hematuria. Patients with painless hematuria should go to regular hospitals in time for examination and treatment. If there is a tumor in the urinary tract, a biopsy of the tumor should be carried out to effectively determine whether it is cancer or not, and treatment should be taken as soon as possible when the tumor appears.