1. What is weak spermatozoa?
In routine semen analysis, sperm motility can be divided into four grades according to ABCD. Grade A refers to the ratio of fast forward-moving sperm, grade B refers to the ratio of slow forward-moving sperm, grade C refers to the ratio of non-forward-moving sperm; grade D refers to the ratio of extremely slow or immobile sperm.
Weak spermatozoa refers to 3-7 days of abstinence and more than three consecutive routine semen examinations suggesting less than 50% sperm forward motion (A+B), or less than 25% fast linear forward motion sperm, or less than 50% sperm viability after ejaculation.
2.What is oligospermia?
Oligospermia is defined as sperm density less than 20×10 after 3-7 days of abstinence and more than three times of routine semen analysis [Web entry required. Not an omission by the author.] ^6. If the sperm density is between 5-×106 is moderate oligospermia and less than 5×10^6 is severe oligospermia.
3. What is oligospermia?
Clinically, oligospermia often exists together with low sperm motility and poor forward motility, often collectively referred to as oligozoospermia.
4.What is idiopathic idiopathic male infertility?
According to WHO statistics, about 15% of couples of childbearing age worldwide suffer from infertility, with 50% due to male factors. There are still about 40-75% of male infertility that cannot find a cause, called idiopathic male infertility.
5, chronic prostatitis can cause weak sperm?
The actual fact is that if the bacterial infection of chronic prostatitis spreads to the epididymal vas deferens or testicles, it will affect the sperm production function and the sperm viability and vitality will be affected. Because the testicles are where sperm are produced, and the epididymis and vas deferens are where sperm mature, if there is chronic inflammation that changes the environment in which sperm live, it can cause sperm death; chronic prostatitis also often causes prolonged liquefaction time or non-liquefaction of semen, which affects the union of sperm and egg, thus causing infertility. A large part of the semen is derived from prostate fluid, and severe prostatitis can change the composition of semen, which may cause prolonged liquefaction of semen or non-liquefaction.
6.Does varicocele cause weak spermatozoa?
Varicocele is one of the most common causes of semen quality in men. Severe varicocele not only often causes pain and discomfort in the perineum or scrotum, but also affects testicular sperm production and sperm maturation. Therefore, if the infertility is caused by varicocele, it should be treated actively.
7.How to treat the decrease of semen quality caused by varicocele?
Varicocele is a common cause of male infertility. At present, drug treatment is not effective, so surgery is recommended. Common surgical methods include open surgery, microsurgery and laparoscopic surgery.
8.Is a routine semen test abnormal just once?
Generally speaking, routine semen examination is affected by many factors, such as multiple sexual intercourse before the examination, staying up late, smoking, etc., which can affect the decrease of semen quality. Therefore, if there is an abnormality in a routine semen examination, it is recommended that the examination be repeated within 2-3 months after adjusting your lifestyle and habits.
9.How is a normal fertilized egg produced?
A spermatogenic cycle in men lasts about 3 months. Hundreds of millions of sperm are ejaculated into the vagina during normal sex. Firstly, the sperm that enter may be killed by the acidic environment of the vagina, secondly, a large proportion of the sperm will be blocked by the cervix, the gate, and then only about 1% of the sperm will be left to pass through the cervical canal, the uterus and the fallopian tubes, and only the most vigorous sperm will reach the fallopian tubes and get close to the egg. There are about 10-200 sperm around the egg, but in the end only 1 sperm unites with the egg cell to form a fertilized egg. This process is the sperm and egg binding process.
10.What habits can cause weak spermatozoa?
Common bad habits include smoking, wearing tight pants and chemical fiber underwear, enjoying sauna, long-term exposure to chemical substances and radioactive substances, eating foods that affect sperm quality, such as cotton phenol in crude cotton seed oil, and eating foods containing too many additives, coloring agents, preservatives, and heavy metals.
11.Can genitourinary system infections cause oligospermia?
Genitourinary system infection often spreads to the accessory gonads, and if it causes testicular epididymitis, it will not only affect the spermatogenic function of the testes, but also affect the [vitality? survival rate?] viability and survival rate. Because prostatic fluid is a component of semen, semen quality will also be affected if prostatitis is caused. For male infertility caused by urogenital infection, controlling the infection with sensitive drugs can significantly improve semen quality and increase the chances of natural pregnancy.
12, diagnostic tests for oligozoospermia [add what specimens are collected, what preparations are made, and what diagnostics can be directed to what are the main ones?
(1) Routine examination mainly includes.
(1) Routine semen analysis: semen is collected by masturbation, and abstinence is required for 4-7 days before the examination. Routine semen examination generally includes the total number of sperm, survival rate, and the ratio of forward-moving sperm, which is the most intuitive test to assess the quality of sperm.
(2) Sex hormone six: Blood test is drawn to assess the patient’s sex hormone level. In many cases such as pituitary microadenomas, testicular tumors or congenital developmental abnormalities, the hormone levels are abnormal.
(2) Some other common tests include.
(1) Chromosome/DNA testing; blood draws. Common chromosomal abnormalities include chromosome number and structural aberrations, 47, XYY men, deletion of the long arm of the Y chromosome, heterozygosity between the Y chromosome and autosomes, autosomal aneuploidy such as trisomy 21, etc.
(2) Anti-sperm antibody test: Data show that anti-sperm antibodies can be detected in the serum or seminal plasma of 10%-30% of infertile patients. In order to exclude immune factors, AsAb test has been one of the important tests for male infertility.
(3) Sperm-cervical mucus interaction test: Fresh semen within one hour after ejaculation and cervical mucus (without lubricant) of ovulating women are taken for testing. The nature of cervical mucus, endocrine disorders, PH leukocytes and cellular debris in cervical mucus, cervical diseases, etc., can affect the test results.
(4) acrosome reaction test; sperm acrosome contains a variety of hydrolytic enzymes, such as acrosome protease, hyaluronidase, acid phosphatase, etc. During fertilization, the sperm release acrosome enzymes to break down the radial crown and zona pellucida at the periphery of the egg and enter the egg. Acrosomal enzymes also reduce the viscosity of the cervical mucus and improve the ability of sperm to penetrate the cervical mucus. Sperm acrosome defects are closely related to male infertility.
5) Sperm penetration test. It is the abbreviation of sperm penetration of de-hyaline golden hamster egg test, which is a classic method to determine sperm acquisition, acrosome reaction, sperm-egg fusion ability and sperm nuclear depolymerization ability as well as sperm nuclear depolymerization ability.
13.What are the main diagnostic steps for oligozoospermia?
(1) Detailed description of the disease, with emphasis on marital status, frequency of intercourse, satisfaction with sexual life, presence of ejaculation disorders and previous treatment.
(2) Careful physical examination, including the development of secondary sexual characteristics, testicular epididymis spermatic cord and other abnormalities.
(3) Improve the auxiliary examination, mainly including semen routine examination, sex hormone six, chromosome test, etc.
14.Is it possible for men to have children after suffering from oligozoospermia?
It is still possible for men with oligozoospermia to get pregnant after strict and standardized treatment, but the main thing is to find the cause of the disease.
For sperm lack of vitality and weak sperm caused by varicocele, the quality of semen will be significantly improved after surgical treatment.
Infertility caused by decreased semen quality due to reproductive system infection can be reproduced after standard anti-inflammatory treatment.
However, some patients may not have significant treatment effects and have little possibility of giving birth because of congenital genetic defects such as chromosomal abnormalities or idiopathic male infertility.
15.Is the longer the abstinence the better for improving sperm vitality?
The longer you go without sex, the longer the abstinence, the lower the sperm vitality. Excessive sexual intercourse is also not conducive to sperm maturation, and sperm quality may be affected. Therefore, it is recommended to abstain from sexual intercourse for 4-7 days before conducting a routine semen examination to avoid errors.
16.Can aphrodisiacs and kidney tonics treat oligozoospermia?
For the treatment of oligozoospermia, some patients blindly take all kinds of tonic and aphrodisiac drugs, and very often the sperm quality does not improve, but the number of sperm is getting smaller and lower, and the sperm vitality is getting lower. The reason for this is that there are many clinical causes of spermatozoa, so the explanation of “kidney deficiency” is not scientific, and this treatment is not effective. For the treatment of oligozoospermia, we should carefully ask about the condition and examination, comprehensive analysis, scientific diagnosis, and find an effective way to treat male infertility.
17.What is assisted reproductive technology?
Assisted reproductive technology refers to the use of various medical measures to make infertile people conceive, including artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization – embryo transfer. The process is the use of non-coital means of conception, requiring clinicians and laboratory technicians and other related personnel to jointly operate an important means of treating male and female infertility.
18.What are the main assisted reproduction techniques?
Assisted reproductive technology can be divided into in vivo and in vitro fertilization. In vivo fertilization mainly includes husband sperm insemination, donor sperm insemination, mixed sperm insemination, etc.; in vitro fertilization includes gamete tubal transfer and embryo transfer. In addition, assisted reproduction technology can be divided into intrauterine insemination and cervical insemination according to the different fertilization sites.
19.What is artificial insemination?
Artificial insemination refers to a treatment in which the male partner injects sperm into the female partner’s body through in vitro ejaculation, and after the sperm is liquefied and added to the culture fluid, the sperm and egg are combined to promote pregnancy after artificial treatment.
20.What is in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer technique?
It is the process of removing the woman’s egg through vaginal ultrasound and placing it in a Petri dish. After treatment, the man’s sperm is added to the egg to fertilize it and form a fertilized egg, which takes about 48 hours to develop into a 4-8 cell embryo and 72 hours to develop into a blastocyst that is transferred into the woman’s uterine cavity to wait for conception.
21 What is peri-cervical or intra-cervical tube insemination?
This method involves the slow injection of treated semen into the cervix and the rest of the semen is placed in the vaginal vault.
22 What is intrauterine insemination?
Intrauterine insemination is a method with a higher success rate and is more commonly used in artificial insemination. It mainly involves passing the treated sperm through the cervix with a catheter and injecting the sperm into the uterine cavity to achieve the purpose of conception.
23.How can men prevent oligozoospermia?
Prevention of male infertility is as important as treatment. Men should pay attention to protecting their fertility by quitting smoking, drinking less alcohol, staying away from radiation and toxic chemicals, taking fewer saunas or hot sitz baths, wearing cotton comfortable underwear, etc. Male fertility decreases with age and should be performed between the ages of 25-35 when fertility is at its peak.