Congenital heart disease (hereafter referred to as congenital heart disease) is an abnormality of the heart formed during fetal development, accounting for 6 to 8 per 1,000 births, some of which require surgical treatment. Doctors should conduct a thorough examination of the newborn; parents should also have some medical knowledge, such as the color of the baby after birth, blue lips, breathing difficulties and heart murmurs, etc., should go to a specialist clinic early to check and ask about the treatment. Early treatment and cure of precardiac disease is an inevitable trend in the development of cardiac surgery for three reasons: 1. High early mortality. Most of the complex precordial diseases, such as transposition of the great arteries, heavy tetralogy of Fallot, single ventricle, tricuspid atresia, complete atrioventricular canal malformation, permanent arterial trunk and pulmonary atresia, mostly die in the first few months after birth due to severe cyanosis, hypoxia and metabolic acidosis, or die of heart failure due to pulmonary polycythemia, or recurrent pulmonary infections. For example, 50% of cases with transposition of the great arteries die within 1 month after birth and 90% die within 1 year. 2, secondary lesions of the pulmonary vasculature and heart, with serious consequences. For example, a giant ventricular septal defect is prone to obstructive pulmonary vascular lesions arising after 2 years of age until it produces Eisenmenger syndrome with right-to-left shunt. In contrast, pulmonary vascular lesions continue to develop after surgery in approximately 2.5% of patients who undergo surgical treatment after 2 years of age. In contrast, this is not the case if surgery is performed within 2 years of age. Therefore, such patients should be operated before the age of 2 years. For example, in cyanotic precordial disease, the right ventricular hypertrophy is not heavy and the collateral circulation is less in patients operated before the age of 2 years, which not only reduces the difficulty of surgery, but also results in good recovery of cardiac function after surgery. If the operation is delayed, the right ventricle connected with the lung will atrophy due to the decrease of pulmonary vascular resistance and cannot bear the resistance of body circulation and heart failure after the arterial transfer. 3. Cardiovascular medical diagnostic techniques, surgical techniques and surgical equipment are becoming more and more perfect. There is the ability to perform corrective surgery in infants and even newborns. For some patients with high mortality rate of corrective surgery and cannot take corrective or other surgical methods, modified Fontan surgery or the newly developed total vena cava-pulmonary artery connection surgery is performed; for “A” or “B” type preexcitation syndrome, we can apply In “A” or “B” preexcitation syndrome, catheter ablation or cutting off the Kent bundle can be applied to cure the arrhythmia and avoid the risk of sudden death; in dilated cardiomyopathy and endocardial elastosis, heart transplantation can be performed; in Eisenmenger syndrome, combined heart-lung transplantation or single-lung transplantation can be performed. These techniques have been reported in infants and even newborns at home and abroad. The occurrence of various heart diseases in infants and young children can cause a family and social burden to students, in addition to health risks. Therefore, only by starting with prevention and early detection can we improve the outcome of surgery, especially by reducing the sequelae of growth retardation, and the earlier the diagnosis and treatment, the better the chances of healthy development as normal children.