Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, which is mainly caused by an abnormality of a certain protease class (vWF protein cleaving enzyme, vWFCP) in the body, is mainly categorized into primary and secondary depending on the cause. High levels of vWF cause chronic endothelial cell damage, which can lead to thrombotic disorders. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura can be caused by primary and secondary factors. 1. Primary: i.e., hereditary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, associated with autosomal recessive inheritance. 2. Secondary: Acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, which is mainly caused by infections, drugs, autoimmune diseases, tumors, bone marrow transplantation and other factors. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura has an acute onset and rapid progression, with bleeding and neuropsychiatric symptoms as the most common manifestations. Bleeding is dominated by bleeding from the skin, mucous membranes, and retina, and neuropsychiatric symptoms can be manifested as headache, disturbance of consciousness, and indifference, which can be life-threatening in severe cases. When thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura occurs, it should be further examined in the hospital to clarify the diagnosis and be treated under the guidance of the doctor.