The high rate of malformed sperm is a common cause of male infertility. There are many different definitions of sperm malformation, some scholars believe that malformation greater than 20% can be diagnosed as sperm malformation disorder, some believe 30%, some believe 50%, and some believe 70%. Sperm malformation refers to abnormalities in sperm size and morphology, including abnormalities in the size, length and morphology of the head, mid-section and tail of the sperm. Normal sperm look like tadpoles, about 60 microns long, divided into three parts: head, body and tail normal sperm head is a regular door-keeper residual danger 3.5-5.0 microns, 2.0-3.0 microns wide; middle section is 5.0-7.0 microns long and 1.0 microns wide; sperm tail is 45 microns long. In contrast, deformed sperm are abnormal if the sperm head is too large, too small or conical, irregular, pear-shaped, or double-headed. If the body part of the middle segment is wider than 2.0 microns, it shows that the cytoplasmic droplets are not completely degenerated. If the cytoplasmic droplets are larger than half of the sperm head, the sperm is immature and will affect fertility. Abnormalities of the sperm tail include breakage, double tail, or coiling, and abnormalities of the sperm tail may be associated with the reproductive system. There are many reasons affecting the elevated sperm deformity rate, which are summarized as follows: 1. Alcohol abuse is one of the common causes of sperm deformity. It has been confirmed that alcoholism produced by alcoholism may damage sperm and cause an increased sperm malformation rate, as well as sexual function abnormalities such as indifference to sexual desire, impotence and premature ejaculation. Sperm malformations caused by alcoholism, such as accidental insemination, can also affect the development of the fetus in the womb, often leading to miscarriage, and sometimes give birth to deformed freaks or imbeciles. 2, smokers can make the incidence of deformed sperm significantly higher. The more you smoke daily, the higher the incidence of deformed sperm, and the longer you smoke, the more deformed sperm you will have. It is worth noting that the harm of smoking does not stop at increasing the number of deformed sperm, but can also lead to weak sperm. 3, nutritional deficiencies: there are many trace elements involved in male reproductive function, and trace elements associated with sperm production and maturation, mainly zinc, selenium, copper, cadmium, etc., and zinc, selenium is the most important. Zinc is abundant in the human testes, epididymis and prostate, and zinc in seminal plasma is mainly secreted by the prostate, most of which exists in combination with protein and is involved in normal reproductive function. When zinc and selenium are deficient, the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis is affected, making the pituitary gland secrete gonadotropin, hypogonadism, reduced sperm production, and the activity of zinc-containing substances in liquefied semen is affected, resulting in delayed semen liquefaction based on non-liquefaction. Selenium is an essential component of glutathione peroxidase in seminal plasma. Normal or deficient selenium directly affects the function of spermatozoa. If lack of selenium, the activity of glutathione peroxidase is reduced, it is difficult to stop the free radical lipid peroxidation reaction of sperm cell membrane, so that the sperm cell membrane love to damage. Prolongation and metabolism. In addition vitamin deficiency can also affect sperm production, which leads to higher sperm malformation rate. This condition is mostly seen in patients who are picky eaters. 4, the temperature is too high: the testes produce sperm, in the epididymis breeding maturity, it is suitable for the temperature is 35 ~ 36 ℃, when various reasons lead to the scrotum temperature rise, it will affect the development of sperm. For example, wearing tight underwear for a long time, sitting for a long time (driving, cycling), taking hot baths, high temperature work, etc. 5, varicose spermatozoa: varicose spermatozoa affect spermatogenesis, resulting in decreased sperm motility, morphological immaturity of sperm cells and an increased number of pointed sperm. Blood retention in varicose veins affects spermatogenesis by increasing the local temperature of the testes; blood retention affects the blood circulation of the testes, which affects spermatogenesis by making the testes lack the necessary nutrient supply and oxygenation; the reflux of blood in the left spermatic vein brings the metabolites secreted by the adrenal glands and kidneys, such as steroids, catecholamines and 5-hydroxytryptamine, to the testes; steroids can inhibit spermatogenesis, catecholamines can make Testicular chronic toxicity, 5-hydroxytryptamine can cause vasoconstriction, causing premature shedding of immature sperm, causing male infertility. 6, infection: men’s urinary and reproductive system of certain infections, is also one of the important causes of deformed sperm disease. The more common infections that affect sperm deformities, such as: prostatitis, vesiculitis, urethritis, orchitis, epididymitis. 7, endocrine disorders: men’s own endocrine function is low, that is, the secretion of certain relevant hormones in the body is not balanced, thus causing a high rate of sperm malformation. There is experimental evidence that the lack of secretion of hormones for male reproductive function can directly affect the process of sperm generation in the patient’s varicose sperm duct, resulting in an increased rate of malformation. 8, poisoning: frequent use of sedative drugs, anti-tumor drugs, some antibiotics, hormonal drugs, pesticides, benzene, formaldehyde, food additives, cosmetics, mercury, lead, cadmium, etc., can cause sperm growth disorders, sperm chromosome damage and breakage; leading to an increase in the rate of deformation. Long-term smell of fumes can lead to an increase in sperm deformation rate, an article reported that there are more than 70 kinds of chemicals in kitchen fumes can cause cell mutations, resulting in abnormal sperm viability and morphology. The study found that fruit flies fed with condensed oil from kitchen fume hoods had a mutation rate of 0.54% of cell chromosomes and 2.8% of fruit flies were sterile, indicating that their reproductive system was significantly damaged. 9, a large amount of radiation exposure can also cause chromosomal aberrations in sperm, resulting in teratozoospermia. So when your sperm malformation is too high, you must first understand the above situation, and then according to the specific situation, respectively, because of their own poor living habits lead to resolutely improve, in addition to the regular hospital to seek medical treatment, under the doctor’s treatment to make the condition as soon as possible to cure.