Great neck disease is usually an enlargement of the thyroid gland that causes the patient’s neck to look thicker and larger. There are many causes of an enlarged thyroid gland, not just hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. Therefore, to determine whether it is hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, it depends on the patient’s detected thyroid function and the combination of the patient’s clinical symptoms: 1. Hypothyroidism: Great neck disease usually refers to an enlargement of the thyroid gland, which can be manifested in the appearance of a thickened neck. It is more common in areas with iodine deficiency and is usually a manifestation of hypothyroidism. These patients have a lack of iodine, and the synthesis of thyroid hormones is reduced, which can lead to big neck disease. Hyperthyroidism is caused by hyperthyroidism. Patients may show fear of heat, palpitations, excessive sweating, increased eating, and weight loss. This is usually due to the presence of autoantibodies in the body, such as anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies. Antibodies, but the functional status can be temporarily normal. However, even if the current functional status is normal, it is important to monitor thyroid function more closely for late changes in thyroid function. Regular follow-up with thyroid ultrasound is indicated in cases of macronodular disease, which represents nodule-like changes in the thyroid gland. It is important to follow up regularly to find out if the nodules are benign or malignant. If the lesion is malignant, active surgery is required. Benign lesions also require surgery when there are symptoms of pressure.