There is a difference between cardia tumours and cardia cancer. Simply put cardia tumours include cardia cancer, which is a malignant tumour within the former. Cardia tumours are tumours that originate within the junction of the oesophagus and gastric mucosa, and mainly include smooth muscle tumours, mesenchymal tumours and cardia cancer. Among them, pancreatic smooth muscle tumour is mostly benign and usually does not affect the patient’s life expectancy; while pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumour, which can improve symptoms and prolong survival with active treatment. Mesenchymal tumours are junctional tumours.