How is breast cancer treated?

  The number of new cases of breast cancer in China is 272,400 per year, which is twice as fast as the world average and poses a serious threat to women’s physical and mental health. It has been found that the occurrence of breast cancer is related to various environmental and social factors, as well as factors related to female fertility.  Fortunately, however, although the incidence is increasing, with the advances in medical technology and the advent of targeted drugs, the survival of breast cancer patients is increasing and women are more focused on how to further prevent the risk of recurrence and improve the quality of survival after breast cancer treatment? There is now a growing body of evidence-based medical evidence that to achieve a good prognosis is closely related to the patient’s dietary and nutritional status, weight change, physical activity status and personal lifestyle such as smoking and alcohol consumption.  Step 1: Achieve and maintain a healthy weight Unlike other cancers, clinically, most patients with breast cancer are overweight or obese, in addition, the advent of some neoadjuvant chemotherapy has made many patients overweight at the end of treatment. Some degree of weight loss and increased physical activity can improve treatment-related adverse effects, fatigue and depression.  Of course, excessive weight loss is not recommended because malnutrition or underweight can also lead to a reduced quality of life, slow down the length of recovery and increase the risk of complications. Therefore, it is recommended that breast cancer patients should try to achieve a normal weight range (i.e., a body mass index of 18.5 to 23.9 kg/m2) at the end of treatment.  Step 2: Regular physical activity exercise improves survival, reduces morbidity and improves quality of life for patients with breast cancer. National guidelines recommend that patients engage in 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise per week. Moderate exercise increases the 10-year survival rate.  Breast cancer patients who participate in moderate amounts of physical activity can reduce the risk of death due to the disease and effectively prolong survival after breast cancer surgery. Studies have found that the 10-year survival rate after breast cancer surgery is 92% for those who exercise 3 to 5 hours per week or half an hour per day, while the 10-year survival rate is only 86% for those who exercise less than 1 hour per week.  Step 3: Adjust the dietary structure to include vegetables and whole grains as the main food The drugs in chemotherapy do not distinguish between good and bad cells, so the process of chemotherapy will kill many of your good cells, including those on the lining of your digestive tract, as if the devil is in charge of your cells. Your digestive tract is still normal, but the cleaner you eat, the more normal you have to live. This means don’t eat those refined, deeply processed foods.  Therefore, it is recommended to avoid foods rich in refined grains, red and processed meats, desserts, high-fat dairy products and fried potatoes, and to focus on a diet rich in vegetables and fruits, whole grains, vegetable oils, poultry and fish, which can reduce total mortality by 43%.  Step 4: Quit Smoking and Alcohol From a clinical diagnosis, breast cancer patients who smoke have a 2-fold higher risk of death compared to nonsmokers, and even passive smoking (secondhand smoke, being in a smoking environment) has a higher risk of death, in addition to a higher risk of adverse prognostic reactions.  While alcohol intake has long been shown to be associated with a variety of cancers, in the case of breast cancer, ethanol is able to increase peripheral blood estrogen concentrations, which theoretically raises the risk of breast cancer recurrence. Therefore, breast cancer patients should avoid ethanol intake as much as possible.  Step 5: You must have your own opinion. It can be confusing when you hear differing opinions about how to proceed with your treatment. I would go with the second or third suggestion, each one is different. But there is a point where eventually these questions will come back to you and you will have to make the final treatment decision.  Understand that every breast cancer patient’s situation is different. You have to make a decision: Is this protocol necessarily right for your condition?  I have to make a decision: do I want to have surgery and then chemotherapy? Or do I treat conservatively? In the end, I chose to have surgery, shrink the tumor, and then chemotherapy.  Step 6: Give yourself gentle consideration Most of the time, chemotherapy was like they dropped a gasoline bomb on me. You have to learn to surrender. Give yourself enough time and tender compassion to rest and have fun when you need to. Stop repeating the bad habits you’ve had. Encourage and reassure yourself to be a strong patient and embrace health!