NTD high risk is a test result of Down’s syndrome screening. NTD high risk means that the fetus has a high risk of open neural tube abnormality, but it does not mean that the fetus is necessarily abnormal, and can be further examined by ultrasound. Neural tube malformation is a serious congenital malformation caused by defects in the formation of the neural tube. The cause of this malformation is still unknown and is generally believed to be due to the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. The process of neural tube closure is affected during embryonic development, resulting in abnormal development of the fetal brain or spinal cord, commonly manifested as anencephaly, spina bifida, cerebral bifida, and brain expansion. Although fetuses with spina bifida and mild cerebral bulge can survive, the associated diseases cannot be cured after birth and often lead to lifelong disabilities, such as paralysis of the lower limbs, incontinence and mental retardation. Children with spina bifida are also prone to complications of hydrocephalus, which can affect normal life expectancy. If the fetus is at high risk for NTD and the diagnosis of neural tube abnormality is confirmed by ultrasound examination, it is recommended to terminate the pregnancy according to medical advice.