Patient: Initial findings: Ultrasound findings: Aorta: from left ventricle Sinus 22mm Pulmonary artery: from right ventricle 24mm Ventricular septum: thickness 6mm Left atrium: (right and left S) 29mm Right atrium: (right and left S) 42mm Right ventricle: (right and left D) 44mm Left ventricle: (anterior-posterior, right and left, length diameter S/D) 26/35 27/37 47/61mm EDV: 41ml ESV: 17ml EF: 58% FS: 26% SV: 24ml 1. Multi-sectional view shows: Echo loss in the central part of the interatrial septum is seen, with echogenic enhancement at the broken end, and the size of the defect opening is measured as 15mm in subxiphoid view. color flow shows: left-to-right shunt at the atrial level. The right atrium and right ventricle were large, and the size of the remaining heart chambers and the aortic internal diameter were normal. The wall thickness, echogenicity and motion amplitude of the ventricular septum and left ventricular wall were not abnormal. 4. The thickness, elasticity and opening amplitude of each valve were not abnormal, and the color flow was not abnormal. The ultrasound suggests: congenital heart disease: atrial septal defect (central type); left ventricular systolic function is normal; color flow shows: left-to-right shunt at atrial level. Ultrasound findings: right ventricular outflow tract internal diameter: 28 mm aortic internal diameter: 17 mm left atrial anterior-posterior diameter: 25 mm right ventricular anterior-posterior diameter: 24 mm septal thickness/motion amplitude: 6/4 mm left ventricular posterior wall thickness/motion amplitude: 6/9 mm left ventricular anterior-posterior diameter (diastolic/systolic): 34/21 mm pulmonary artery internal diameter: 19 mm right atrial length/transverse diameter: 41/37 mm Mitral flow velocity (E/A): 115/43cm/s volume per beat: 33ml ejection fraction: 0.70 minor axis shortening rate: 29% heart rate: 77BPM cardiac output: 2.5L/min 1. Right atrium and right ventricle enlarged, left atrioventricular cavity inner diameter normal, large vessel location and inner diameter normal. 2. The thickness of ventricular septum and left ventricular free wall were normal, and the short-axis view of left ventricle showed that the septum was slightly flat, and multiple views showed echogenic loss in the middle of the septum. The short-axis view of the aorta showed a defect of approximately 15.0 mm, with the dorsal aspect of the aorta basically uncorded and the contralateral aspect approximately 13.0 mm; the subxiphoid two-atrial view showed a defect of approximately 14 mm, with the superior vena cava margin approximately 6 mm and the inferior vena cava margin approximately 12 mm. The septal continuity was good. The thickness and mobility of each valve were good. CDFI showed tricuspid regurgitation velocity of 230 cm/s and volume of 1.0 ml; pulmonary valve had small regurgitant bundle. The pericardial thickness was normal, and no pericardial effusion was seen. Cardiac function measurements were not abnormal. Opinion: congenital heart disease with atrial septal defect and mild tricuspid valve insufficiency. I am from Xi’an, my daughter is 6 years and 9 months old, with external symptoms, occasional deep breathing, weakness, easy to catch a cold and cough. I would like to seek expert advice on which surgical procedure would be ideal. The two methods I know now are interventional blocking and open-chest repair, is there any other method suitable for my child’s condition? My doctor suggested interventional blocking. I have some questions about this method, and I would like to ask the expert to answer them. How safe is the blocking material? As my child grows up and his heart grows, what will happen to the material and will it still be able to close the defect? If there is a problem with the material, can the defect be repaired by open-heart surgery if the child’s heart grows in a normal state several years after the successful surgery? The child’s current condition is that the right atrium and right ventricle are enlarged, after the successful blocking surgery, can this symptom be relieved? I’d like to ask the expert to reply, thank you very much! I would like to add that although my daughter has been weak and sickly since she was a child, her body has developed very well, her weight is qualified and her height exceeds that of children of the same age, she studies dance at school and is second in the grade long-distance running competition, so she has never discovered this disease. Because of school, is it possible to wait until the long holidays to have the surgery, will it delay the timing? How long will it take to return to normal after the surgery and can I continue to participate in sports? According to what I know, one of the conditions required for blocking surgery is: secondary defect, is this true in my child’s case, what does it mean and what are the implications? The blocker is made of nickel-titanium alloy, which can lead to complications such as foreign body reactions after implantation, and the metal blocker permanently blocks the atrial septal pathway, making other interventions impossible in the future. A resorbable blocker (BioSTAR) has been invented abroad, and this double-sided umbrella blocker is made of a decellularized porcine small intestine collagen layer matrix covered with a special stent, and this material is now available? With an enlarged right heart system and a wasted left heart system, patients are very vulnerable to left heart failure and arrhythmias, and even fatal pulmonary edema once a block or repair is performed. Is it necessary to “slowly” repair the atrial defect? Doctor: Your daughter’s congenital heart disease is the most common type of congenital heart disease, generally speaking, the development is relatively slow, if you can timely treatment effect is very good, do not need to be overly nervous and anxious. There are two kinds of treatment methods: interventional and surgical. Interventional treatment is less traumatic, there is no wound on the chest, and it is more beautiful, but it is difficult for me to answer you accurately about the long-term effect, because the development of interventional treatment is in the last 5-10 years, and the effect after 10 years is still under observation, and your concern about the growth of the child and the long-term problem of blocking the umbrella is also the concern of the doctors. Surgical treatment has been available for 50 years with very definite results, and at this age if the surgery is successful, it should be said that there will be no impact on future life. The success rate of this surgery should be above 99%, which can be achieved in many places in China. The problem with surgery is that there is a certain amount of trauma and the incision on the chest is not aesthetically pleasing. I personally believe that interventional treatment is less invasive and surgical procedures have more definite long-term results. You need to consult with the doctor who will perform the treatment. Regardless of the method used, your child needs to be treated and now would be a very good time to do so.