Degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis, a disease of anterior and posterior misalignment of the lumbar spine, occurs in middle-aged and elderly women, often between the 4th and 5th lumbar vertebrae. The cause is not well understood, and most scholars believe that as age increases, the intervertebral discs, joints, and ligaments of the lumbar spine become relaxed, and the slipped lumbar spine becomes unstable, bringing about narrowing of the spinal canal (nerve channel) and compression of nerves, resulting in low back pain, lower limb pain, and numbness. With the progress of the disease symptoms will also change, the early stage of the disc and intervertebral joints from the main back pain, with the aggravation of the disease appears lumbar spinal stenosis, intermittent claudication (can not walk long distances continuously, lower limb pain and numbness, must walk and stop, walk and rest, sitting or squatting rest can be relieved), to the late stage of bed rest will also appear pain and numbness in the lower limbs. Early treatment is based on conservative treatment, and when symptoms are severe, it is extremely important to wear a brace or waist brace, avoid actions that aggravate the lumbar burden in daily life, and rest. If oral anti-inflammatory and pain medication can be effective, perform stretching and muscle training for the lumbar region. When the pain is significant, nerve injection closure therapy can be tried. Patients with advanced or chronic disease (more than three months after onset), and those whose symptoms are not relieved by conservative treatment, require surgery – lumbar decompression and fixation fusion. At present, both minimally invasive surgery and open surgery can achieve the purpose of internal fixation by decompression and bone grafting, and most patients need to be bedridden for 1~3 days after surgery and can get up and move around after 3~7 days. Postoperative rehabilitation does not require prolonged bed rest, and when the soft tissues have healed, walking is encouraged and can generally be done for several miles per day. Most have a good prognosis if appropriate treatment is given, and early consultation with a spine specialist is desirable.