Tuberculous pleurisy is pathologically staged as a second stage of tuberculous pustulosis, characterized by a more or less variable amount of pleural effusion in the chest cavity with or without fibrinous deposits, and a disease duration not exceeding 4-6 weeks. Tuberculous pleurisy sometimes has atypical symptoms and ancillary tests, making it difficult to differentiate it from other types of pleural effusions, making it confusing for clinicians and patients. Diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy: 1. Typical history of tuberculous pleurisy, symptoms and signs, as well as chest X-ray, CT, ultrasound and other imaging manifestations. Patients often have a history of fever and chest pain, followed by pain relief, chest tightness and shortness of breath, aggravated by activity, chest X-ray showing blunted rib-diaphragm angle, chest CT showing not only the amount of fluid accumulation, but also the degree of lung compression and the presence of tuberculosis lesions in the lungs. Chest ultrasound can show the presence of fluid dark areas in the chest cavity; 2. Strongly positive tuberculin test and positive tuberculosis antibody. In the early stage of the disease, severe tuberculosis, immunodeficiency disease, being infected by pathogenic bacteria, diabetes, patients using hormones, immunosuppressants and the elderly, etc. tuberculin test can be negative, these two tests help the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy, but negative can not exclude the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy; so often after four weeks can be re-examined, from negative to positive is more meaningful for the diagnosis; 3, pleural fluid This test generally requires three or more tests, and a positive result may be more likely to occur in stages; 4, effective anti-tuberculosis treatment; 5, chest X-ray or CT shows pulmonary TB lesions or evidence of extra-pulmonary TB, such as intestinal TB, bone TB, lymphatic TB, etc.; 6, ADA in pleural fluid > 45 U/L, pleural fluid ADA/serum ADA > 1.4 1.4; 7. Pleural effusion due to other non-tuberculous factors can be clinically excluded; 8. Pleural fluid sediment smear reveals Mycobacterium avium or pleural fluid culture reveals Mycobacterium avium; 9. Pleural biopsy pathology confirms a tuberculous lesion. The diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy can be confirmed if the patient has either item 8 or item 9. Tuberculous pleurisy can be diagnosed if 4 of items 1 to 7 are present.