In his State of the Union address on January 20, 2015, Barack Obama proposed the “Precision Medicine” initiative, calling for increased funding for medical research and the promotion of individualized genomic research to develop individual medical plans for patients with cancer and other diseases based on personal genetic information. Of course, the President of the United States will not come up with these terms himself, but the boss of NIH will help him come up with them, and he will finally announce them to the whole country. What is precision medicine? Simply put, “precision medicine” means individualized treatment plans that are tailored to each patient’s individual characteristics. It is a combination of “personalized medicine” and the latest genetic testing technology. Genetic testing is not only genetic testing, but also the detection of genetic material (including DNA, RNA, chromosomes) and its products (such as proteins, metabolites, and small molecules) of the subject and related microorganisms (such as infection factors, symbiotic microorganisms, etc.) to provide information and clues for disease treatment and health management. These are what the bosses of the NIH Department of Neuro-Oncology are doing. The other day, a child with pineal cell tumor was reviewed in Spain and the tumor was found to have recurred, and the Spanish doctor recommended a third surgery to remove the tumor. Another patient with “triple negative” breast cancer had multiple intracranial metastases 4 months after open heart surgery. In fact, these patients need precision medical intervention the most. Precision medicine is mainly for recurrent and refractory tumors. A convex benign meningioma can be cured by surgical excision, and these patients do not need precision medicine. How to achieve precision medicine and where to achieve precision medicine are questions that need to be considered seriously and responsibly. If a prefecture-level hospital is still in the stage of researching how to do transsphenoidal pituitary tumors, I think such a hospital is still some time away from precision medicine. Only when the surgical technique is quite mature + the research team is quite advanced can precision medicine be mentioned, and it is time to consider precision medicine. Scalpel cannot solve all diseases, the last thing malignant tumors need is precision medicine.