If your esophagus hurts when you swallow something, you should consider tonsillitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, esophageal injury, esophageal cancer, etc. You need to go to the hospital for examination and treatment after the cause is clear. Common causes and treatment 1, tonsillitis: can be manifested as a painful feeling and foreign body sensation in the esophagus when swallowing something, accompanied by a dry and itchy pharynx, irritating cough, halitosis and other symptoms. It is recommended to consult a doctor and take oral antibiotics as prescribed, such as streptococcal infection can be treated with long-acting penicillin, or when conservative treatment is not effective, surgical treatment should be used; 2, gastroesophageal reflux disease: manifested as food reflux, that is, reflux of gastric contents into the pharynx or mouth, pain in the esophagus when swallowing something. Reflux symptoms mostly occur after a full meal, and long-term this can lead to esophageal damage and a little pain in the esophagus when swallowing something. Need to promptly consult a doctor, under the guidance of the doctor to be acid suppressants and gastrointestinal dynamics drugs treatment, such as domperidone, aluminum hydroxide gel, omeprazole, etc., if necessary, surgical treatment; 3, esophageal injury: if the esophagus is damaged, such as a fish spike stuck in the throat, will appear when swallowing something painful esophagus, need to promptly go to the Department of Otolaryngology to remove foreign bodies or digestive endoscopic foreign body removal. If it is caused by trauma to the esophagus, surgery is needed for suturing; 4. Esophageal cancer: besides painful swallowing, patients will also have difficulty in swallowing, which requires timely medical attention, surgery can be performed and radiotherapy can be given if necessary. Pay attention to a light diet, do not eat overheated, hot and stimulating food, chew slowly when eating, and keep a relaxed mood and increase suitable physical exercise.