In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) is often called “in vitro fertilization” in our country. In fact, in vitro fertilization is a special technique in which both eggs and sperm are taken outside the body and allowed to complete the fertilization process in an artificially controlled environment outside the body, and then the early embryos are transferred to the woman’s uterus where they are conceived as a child. Babies produced using in vitro fertilization techniques are called IVF, and these children also grow up in the mother’s womb. It can be said that “IVF technology” is equivalent to “in vitro fertilization”. What are the misconceptions about IVF? Myth 1: The more ovulation promotion, the better? After entering an IVF cycle, doctors expect that the most ideal result of ovulation promotion is to get about 10 eggs, one fresh embryo and two frozen embryo transfers, with a cumulative success rate of about 70% for one egg retrieval, which is the safest and most effective state. However, in clinical practice, many patients always want to get as many eggs as possible and even compare the number of follicles with each other during the ovulation phase. Too many follicles often means ovarian overstimulation, and the quality of the eggs is not always good. In the face of ovulation promotion, moderation is the best, never deliberately pursue the number of eggs. Myth 2: The more embryos you put in the transfer, the better? Some patients ask their doctors to put in more than one embryo at a time in order to increase their success rate. In fact, it has been statistically reported abroad that whether two or three embryos are implanted at a time has no effect on the success rate. However, if all three embryos survive, a triplet pregnancy has many complications that pose many risks to both the mother and the fetus, and it is mandatory by the state to perform a triplet reduction, which will result in the possibility of all abortions. Our regulations allow for a maximum of 3 embryos to be implanted at a time for patients over 35 years of age and a maximum of 2 embryos to be implanted at a time for patients under 35 years of age, in order to reduce the incidence of multiple pregnancies. The optimal goal for IVF doctors and patients is a singleton live birth, and this goal has been set as the technical standard by an increasing number of countries and societies. Myth 3: Multiple spontaneous miscarriages are simply a matter of going through IVF. Some patients who have had multiple spontaneous miscarriages come to the clinic and request IVF to get pregnant. In fact, IVF and miscarriage are not necessarily related. IVF technology solves the problem of forming embryos by in vitro fertilization of sperm and eggs and transferring the embryos into the uterus, which is not necessarily related to whether the embryos can be successfully bedded and developed and whether miscarriage can be avoided. Moreover, the miscarriage rate of IVF embryos will only be higher than that of natural conception and cannot solve the problem of miscarriage. Although the embryos are implanted in the uterus during the IVF operation, the embryos are wandering during the first three days after the transfer and may settle in the fallopian tube and become ectopic, with a probability of about 5%, or even one intrauterine pregnancy and one ectopic pregnancy if two embryos are transferred. The rate of ectopic pregnancy with IVF increases especially for patients who have had an ectopic pregnancy. Therefore, IVF cannot avoid ectopic pregnancy and patients need to be psychologically prepared. Myth 5: You can choose male and female for IVF? Some patients come to the hospital and ask for IVF not because they have difficulty getting pregnant, but because they want a boy or a girl, or even want to have a pair of twins. This is a ridiculous idea. First of all, the state does not allow gender identification, and it is even more impossible for hospitals to carry out artificial gender selection techniques. Sex screening can only be used for the prevention of sex-linked genetic diseases. It’s true that some couples have given birth to a baby because of IVF. It’s a coincidence that the two embryos transferred are alive and happen to be a boy and a girl, but there is no technology to ensure the realization of a baby even if the risks to the mother and the baby and the law are put aside.