Periostitis, also known as “adhesive capsulitis”, is mainly characterized by pain in and around the shoulder joint and affects the movement of the shoulder joint in all directions. High risk groups The disease is most common in people around 50 years old, more women than men. Chronic injuries such as long-term over-activity and poor posture are the main triggering factors; patients who have had their shoulder immobilized for too long after upper limb trauma, acute contusion of the shoulder, or improper treatment after pulling can also cause frozen shoulder. In addition, shoulder entrapment pain occurring from cervical spondylosis, heart, lung, and biliary tract diseases can also be transformed into true adhesive capsulitis due to long-term failure to heal the original disease. Clinical manifestations Pain: Gradually, there is a limited pain in one part of the shoulder, which is obviously related to the movement and posture. As the disease prolongs, the pain expands, and a barely increased range of motion can cause severe sharp pain. Restriction of movement: Active and passive activities of the shoulder in all directions are restricted to varying degrees, with external rotation and abduction and internal rotation and posterior extension being the most severe. With the prolongation of the disease, in severe cases, the patient cannot comb his hair or touch his back with his backhand. The patient wakes up at night with pain due to turning and moving the shoulder. In the early stage, the patient can still point out the painful point, but in the later stage, the pain widens. Prevention is important Early stage of the disease: physical therapy, acupuncture, and moderate massage can improve the symptoms. Regardless of the duration of the disease and the severity of the symptoms, active movement of the shoulder joint should be performed daily, with the limit of activity not causing severe pain. In addition, you can also do this: 1. Climb the wall: Place your hand flat on a wall in front of you and use your fingers to “climb” the wall (like a spider). Move your fingers up little by little, every 2-3cm can stop and keep the hand position for 30 seconds, until you can do the height. 2, Codman exercise: sit sideways on the chair, keeping the upper body straight. Dispose of the armpits on the back of the chair. Then slowly swing your arms to draw a circle, from the initial small circle, gradually make a larger circle, both directions can be done. 3, high disposal of things: put things (shoes, cups, toothbrushes, etc.) on a high shelf. This way makes you have to stretch your shoulders and has a good exercise effect. Treatment Closed treatment: local injection of prednisolone acetate. Persistent pain and difficulty sleeping at night: short course of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Persistent and severe symptoms, ineffective with the above treatments: release of adhesions under anesthesia, followed by injection of steroids or sodium hyaluronate.