Functional exercise is very important for patients after lumbar spine surgery. Functional exercise of the limbs during postoperative bed rest can prevent muscle atrophy, prevent nerve root adhesions, improve the body’s resistance and prevent complications. For example, chest expansion exercises and deep breathing exercises can increase lung capacity, promote pulmonary ventilation and prevent pulmonary complications; daily clockwise abdominal massage can enhance gastrointestinal peristalsis and reduce abdominal distension, constipation and urinary retention. The functional exercise of postoperative patients should be carried out under the guidance of doctors and nurses. The exercise of the extensor and flexor muscles of both lower limbs should be done 48 hours after surgery. Purpose: 1. To promote blood circulation of the limbs and prevent deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs. 2. To restore the muscle strength of the atrophied muscles and restore the function of the limbs. 3. To prevent postoperative nerve root adhesions. Exercise method: 1. On the first day after surgery, do the exercise of the extensor and flexor muscles of both lower limbs. Extensor exercise: supine position, straighten the knee joint, dorsiflex the foot with force, insist on 5-10 seconds and then relax, alternate the two legs as a group. At the beginning, do 10-20 sets each time, 2-3 times a day, gradually increasing the number of exercises. Flexor training: supine position, straighten the knee joint, do foot plantarflexion training, 2-3 times a day, 10-20 times per group at the beginning, and gradually increase the number of exercises later. 2. On the 3rd-14th postoperative days, do functional exercises of the integrated lower limb muscles. Method: In supine position, do the activities of knee and hip extension and flexion, alternating between the two legs repeatedly, 2-3 times a day, 10-20 times each time at the beginning, and gradually increase later. Second, do functional exercises for the lumbar and back muscles 2 weeks after the operation. Purpose: Postoperative exercise of the lumbar back muscles and abdominal muscles can enhance their muscle strength, play the role of internal support, contribute to the stability of the lumbar spine, and consolidate the effect of surgical treatment. Exercise method: 1, “five-point support” method: supine position, head, elbows and heels as the fulcrum, waist and back as much as possible suspended. 2, “four-point support” method: supine position, hands and double heel as a fulcrum, chest and waist up, torso suspension, mainly for young adults. 3, “three-point support” method: supine position, upper limbs placed in front of the chest, head and double heel as a pivot point, waist and back as far back as possible, so that the back suspension. Cervical spine lesions are used with caution. 4 “little swallow fly”: prone position, abdominal support, double upper limbs, double lower limbs and head as far back as possible Exercise principles: 2-3 times a day, each time for 5-10 seconds, then put down to rest for 5-10 seconds, and then repeat the above actions, so repeated 5-10 for a time, step by step, gradually increase the number and frequency of training, to The number and frequency of training should be gradually increased to the extent that the lumbar muscles are not sore. The number of exercises should be gradually increased, so that there is no soreness in the lumbar muscles. About 1 week after surgery, according to the condition of internal fixation and bone quality, you can wear a lumbar brace or support to get out of bed. 1. First, shake up the bed and sit on a soft pillow in the lumbar area for about 20 minutes to adapt to the change of position. 2.If there is no panic, nausea and other uncomfortable symptoms, you can sit on the edge of the bed with your buttocks as the center. 3.If there is no discomfort, you can stand for a moment with the help of nursing staff or family members, or you can lift your legs in place with the power of the exercise frame. 4.If there is no panic or leg weakness, you can walk with the help of the walking frame. 5, lower limbs and waist muscles have the strength before you can gradually walk independently. Fourth, rehabilitation training considerations. 1, the functional training plan of the lumbar spine after surgery, according to the age, condition, mode of surgery and the patient’s physical condition and tolerance to determine the intensity of rehabilitation training. 2, any functional training should follow the principle of “gradual and orderly”, with the number from small to large, the time from short to long, the number of times gradually increasing, and the intensity from weak to strong. 3, rehabilitation training should be carried out under the guidance of doctors and nurses. 4.Patients whose age of surgery is over 65 years old, those with cardiac insufficiency, those with large intraoperative bleeding, and those with multiple laminectomies, the time and manner of exercise should be appropriately delayed to start exercise or moderately reduced in intensity according to medical advice. 5.After the completion of functional training, it should be appropriate to have no obvious soreness in both lower limbs and lumbar muscles. V. Wearing lumbar brace Purpose: 1. To maintain the normal physiological convexity of the lumbar spine and increase the stability of the spine. 2.To reduce the load of the spine. 3.Prevent excessive twisting and flexion of the lumbar region and rotation to speed up the healing of the bones. Sixth, post-discharge precautions. 1, diet: can eat high protein, high vitamin low fat easy to digest diet, such as eggs, lean meat, fresh fruits and vegetables. Avoid overeating and pay attention to the diet. If you have a special disease, such as diabetes, you should control the diet. If you have chronic diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes or have discharge with medication, take it on time; and keep the bowel movement smooth. 2, rest and exercise: bed rest is the main, lying on a hard bed is appropriate, to ensure adequate sleep time; continue functional training, such as quadriceps, lumbar back muscles and abdominal muscle training, to gradually increase, to quantify; avoid bending arch back action; avoid lumbar scoliosis, twisting sudden force; avoid heavy physical labor and intense exercise; avoid wearing high heels; try to sit less, more bed, appropriate activities. Insist on wearing a lumbar brace or support for 3 months.