Pregnancy with regular menstrual cycles and a pregnancy of 42 weeks or more without delivery is referred to as an overdue pregnancy. The number of weeks of pregnancy is calculated from the first day of the last menstrual period. Pregnant women with regular menstrual cycles of 28-30 days who have not delivered at ≥ 42 weeks of menopause can be diagnosed as having an overdue pregnancy. If the menstrual cycle is longer than 30 days, it should be postponed as appropriate. The presence of anencephaly can lead to an overdue pregnancy due to an imbalance in the ratio of estrogen to progesterone in the pregnant woman or fetal malformations. In addition, late pregnancy is associated with insufficient fetal adrenocortical hormone secretion, and genetic factors can also cause late pregnancy. Perinatal fetuses are prone to fetal overmaturity syndrome, fetal distress, fetal fecal aspiration syndrome, neonatal asphyxia and giant fetus, which also lead to prolonged labor and increased obstructed labor rate, and significantly increase the rate of surgical delivery and maternal birth injury. Therefore, termination of pregnancy should be considered after 41 weeks of gestation to avoid overdue pregnancy as much as possible. If there are no complications after 41 weeks of gestation, such as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes, fetal growth restriction, and low amniotic fluid, the pregnancy can be terminated by induction of labor under close observation. The mode of termination of pregnancy should be appropriately selected based on a comprehensive analysis of the fetal safety and risk status, fetal size, and cervical maturity.