Xiao Yang, 18 years old, is a senior high school student in a key high school, usually in good health. One week before this year’s college entrance exam, Xiao Yang suddenly developed lumbosacral pain, the family because of study fatigue, but Xiao Yang rested for a few days after the symptoms of lumbago did not reduce, and still feel pain at night when sleeping, seems to have a tendency to aggravate. The doctor found that Yang had no history of lumbar sprain and no obvious abnormality in the pelvic plain film, so he suggested to go to the rheumatology department. The rheumatologist gave Yang a detailed physical examination and found that Yang had pressure pain in the sacroiliac region, positive bilateral “4” tests, and slightly limited forward flexion of the lumbar spine due to pain. The doctor said that Yang was suffering from ankylosing spondylitis, which is an early lesion and belongs to the seronegative spondyloarthropathy category of rheumatic diseases. The company’s main business is to provide a wide range of products and services to its customers. In fact, Yang’s ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that mainly affects the sacroiliac joints, spinal prominences, paraspinal soft tissues and peripheral joints, and in severe cases, spinal deformities and ankylosis can occur, hence the name. The latest guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of ankylosing spondylitis suggest that the prevalence of the disease is about 0.3%, and the age of onset is usually between 13 and 31 years, with a peak in males between 20 and 30 years. Furthermore, it has been epidemiologically confirmed that ankylosing spondylitis has a significant tendency to cluster in families. The insidious onset of the disease makes it easy to misdiagnose and underdiagnose. One of the pathological signs and early manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis is sacroiliac arthritis, and the “4” test performed on Yang’s lower extremities is one of the positive signs to check the external manifestations of sacroiliac arthritis. There is no cure for this disease, and the main purpose of treatment is to relieve the patient’s symptoms and signs, maintain joint function and prevent complications. It should be noted that early treatment and intervention and long-term adherence to scientific functional exercises under the guidance of doctors can well prevent joint deformation and improve the prognosis. After listening to the doctor’s explanation, Xiao Yang felt a lot more relaxed and carried out targeted treatment under the doctor’s guidance, and also played “biological agents” more expensive injection, Xiao Yang’s back pain symptoms soon disappeared, and under the doctor’s guidance adhere to the scientific functional exercise, back pain has not seen a recurrence. Yang went back to study happily and successfully completed the college entrance examination. Therefore, once teenagers in the growth and development period have unexplained low back pain, which cannot be alleviated after rest, but is alleviated after activity, and is accompanied by pain at night, but improves after waking up, parents must not be careless and think that it is “growing too fast” or “playing too tired”. The parents must not be careless and think that it is “growing too fast” or “playing too much”, but they need to be vigilant and go to a regular hospital as soon as possible to rule out ankylosing spondylitis and other diseases, so as not to misdiagnose or miss the diagnosis and miss the best time for treatment, delaying the treatment and leaving the disability.