Due to the anatomical characteristics of the pediatric larynx, the laryngeal cavity is narrow, the laryngeal cartilage is soft, the lingual surface of the epiglottis cartilage, the arytenoid cartilage, the arytenoid epiglottis fold, the submucosal tissue of the ventricular zone and the subglottic area is loose, the mucosal lymphatics are abundant, and the laryngeal obstruction is easily swollen after inflammation, the pediatric cough is not strong, and it is not easy to discharge the larynx and lower respiratory tract. The coughing function of children is not strong, and it is not easy to discharge the larynx and lower respiratory tract secretions, which aggravates the respiratory difficulties. The clinical features of pediatric laryngitis are: ① It is most common in young children, with the highest incidence in infants within 1 year of age, and its onset is concentrated between December of the first year and February of the next year, with the majority of children having symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection. Acute laryngitis starts with hoarseness, dry cough, and a “hollow-empty-empty” sound when coughing, like a barking dog. Most of the children may have different degrees of fever, but high fever is rare, and most of them have mild to moderate fever. Due to laryngeal obstruction and hypoxia, the child is often irritable and refuses to eat or drink. Physical examination shows cyanosis and trismus (i.e., significant depression of the supraclavicular fossa, suprasternal fossa and epigastric region during inspiration), especially at night. ④ Direct laryngeal cavity examination reveals congestion and swelling of the laryngeal mucosa. What are the causes of acute laryngitis? There are many causes of acute laryngitis, but most of them are part of upper respiratory tract infections or complicated by acute infectious diseases such as measles, whooping cough, influenza, scarlet fever, etc. They can also originate in the larynx, and are more frequent in winter and spring, and can be caused by both viruses and bacteria. Loud yelling, excessive use of voice and certain physical and chemical stimuli can be its triggers. What is the difference between pediatric acute bronchitis and laryngitis? Acute laryngitis: the onset is rapid, the symptoms are severe, there may be varying degrees of fever, barking cough, hoarseness, and in severe cases, the patient may develop trismus, blue lips, and irritability. Bronchitis: Most of the patients have symptoms of cold, mainly “cough”, initially dry cough, later with phlegm, and systemic symptoms in infants and children, accompanied by fever, vomiting, diarrhea and gastrointestinal symptoms. Are there any sequelae of pediatric laryngitis? There are usually no sequelae after the disease, as long as the disease is restored to health. However, children’s throats are generally more prone to inflammation (especially those who often eat irritating foods, such as chili peppers). As they grow older, their resistance will increase and the number of times they suffer from laryngitis will slowly decrease. In addition, children with calcium deficiency are more likely to get the disease, especially those who grow faster and are relatively calcium deficient, and are more prone to recurrence, so frequent and timely calcium supplementation can also reduce the chance of recurrence. Which babies are susceptible to laryngitis? To prevent pediatric acute laryngitis, in addition to the timely increase or decrease of clothing during sudden changes in weather, it is also necessary to correct malnutrition caused by partial eating. In addition, children with calcium deficiency are more likely to get this disease, especially those who are fat, growing faster and relatively calcium deficient, and are more prone to acute laryngitis or recurrence, so frequent and timely calcium supplementation can also reduce the chance of recurrence.