Due to the cold weather and dry climate in autumn and winter, the incidence of pediatric colds and coughs increases significantly. Acute laryngitis in children is usually secondary to respiratory tract infections. The main manifestation is a sudden “hollow” cough, hoarseness, inability to cry, and in severe cases, difficulty breathing, breathlessness, and even sitting up in the middle of the night with a pale face and sweating. It mostly occurs in the age of 0-5 years. Children are prone to acute laryngitis because of the narrow larynx and airway, and the mucosal tissue is prone to edema, and the younger they are, the more severe and dangerous the symptoms. In particular, acute laryngitis in infants with laryngeal cartilage hypoplasia, airway malformations, or laryngeal tumors or cysts can be particularly serious and even life-threatening, requiring tracheal intubation and assisted breathing. Once the symptoms of acute laryngitis are detected, parents must remain calm, do not panic, soothe the child and avoid crying, as this can aggravate breathing difficulties. For children with a “hollow” cough and mild hoarseness, oral hormone medication and local laryngeal nebulizer inhalation can be added to the original treatment and the symptoms will improve quickly. For children with severe hoarseness, shortness of breath, and mild dyspnea, intravenous hormones, anti-allergy medication, and local nebulized inhalation are required. These children need to be admitted to the hospital for observation and treatment, and be prepared for tracheal intubation. Pediatric tracheotomy for assisted breathing is rare, because after the inflammation is controlled and the edema subsides, the tracheal tube can usually be removed and spontaneous breathing resumed. There are two cases that require differential diagnosis: a. Some children have a “hollow-like” cough due to airway spasm and sticky sputum that cannot be eliminated in time, but these children usually have loud vocalizations, no hoarseness, and a good general condition. This is not acute laryngitis. Second, some children have obvious breathing difficulties at night, and croup can be heard in the trachea and lungs, which is an acute attack of asthma, not laryngitis, and should be seen by the hospital in time. Third, this is the most important issue to draw parents’ attention and vigilance, if the child has recently had a more obvious choking cough when eating some things such as melon seeds, peanuts, etc., and the symptoms talked about above, to promptly seek medical attention and promptly provide medical history to the doctor, because there is a foreign body into the trachea is very serious and dangerous, need to perform bronchoscopy as soon as possible to remove the foreign body.