Thromboembolic disease of the mesentery, with abdominal pain and other discomforts, is mainly due to localized intestinal ischemia and necrosis and requires prompt pharmacological or surgical intervention. Mesenteric arteriovenous thromboembolism, especially acute mesenteric arteriovenous thromboembolism, is usually accompanied by varying degrees of intestinal obstruction and intestinal ischemia, which can lead to intestinal necrosis in severe cases. Mesenteric vascular embolic disease is usually accompanied by severe abdominal pain, but signs such as abdominal muscle tension are not obvious. Severe abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and vomiting should lead to the suspicion of mesenteric artery embolism, and prompt medical attention is recommended for CT and other tests. If the diagnosis is confirmed, thrombolytic and anticoagulant therapies should be administered immediately, including urokinase, aspirin, clopidogrel, heparin and other drugs. Surgery may be required in cases of mural intestinal ischemic necrosis and intestinal bleeding. In the presence or suspicion of thromboembolic disease in the mesentery, prompt hospitalization is recommended.