Transjugular intrahepatic portosystomic stent shunt (TIPS) was developed on the basis of transjugular intrahepatic biopsy and transjugular intrahepatic portal venography. 1988 Richter et al. successfully applied TIPSS to clinical practice. In the following decade or so, the technique has been widely promoted in countries around the world and has been gradually improved and perfected. The short-term treatment effect is rapid and remarkable for ruptured bleeding esophageal and fundic varices and intractable ascites caused by portal hypertension. Compared with endoscopy, TIPSS can reduce the recurrence rate of variceal bleeding, and in the short term, prevention of recurrent esophageal variceal bleeding is more cost effective than endoscopic treatment. However, the high rate of stenosis and occlusion of intrahepatic shunt channels after TIPSS, as well as other possible complications and many other factors, seriously affect the long-term efficacy, further affecting the widespread development and application in clinical practice. (1) Indications and contraindications of TIPSS (1) Indications 1, cirrhotic portal hypertension, recent rupture of esophagogastric fundic varices with hemorrhage; 2, patients with poor results of medical treatment, the general condition and CHILD classification and difficult to accept surgical treatment; 3, repeatedly received via endoscopic sclerotherapy is ineffective or surgical treatment after re-bleeding; 4, severe varices of the fundus. Once the rupture will lead to the patient’s death; 5.Patients with refractory ascites; 6.Patients with prophylactic treatment of the gastrointestinal tract before liver transplantation should also be included as indications. （Severe jaundice (total bilirubin >171mmol/L), significantly elevated SGPT (>500u), significantly prolonged PT (>20 seconds), severe hepatic diabetes mellitus. 2, portal vein stenosis or obstruction Portal vein stenosis or obstruction affects hepatic vein to portal vein puncture, establishment of intrahepatic shunt tract and portal blood shunt flow. 3.Hepatic occupying lesions Repeated punctures of the right hepatic vein into the portal vein can lead to hematogenous metastases of tumors located in the first and second hilum. Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma far from the site of shunt establishment combined with ruptured esophageal variceal bleeding can still be treated with TIPS. 4.Organic heart disease TIPS increases the volume of returning heart blood by 25%-30% after surgery, which increases the heart load and makes heart failure easy to occur. 5, severe hepatic encephalopathy TIPS can induce or aggravate hepatic encephalopathy. It is worth noting that for hepatic encephalopathy due to hemorrhage, TIPS can improve the symptoms after controlling the bleeding. 6.Severe infections, pneumonia, peritonitis, etc.