In portal hypertension, the body forms compensatory shunting vessels between the body venous system and the portal venous system, which are the so-called four major traffic branch veins in the textbook and form abdominal wall varices, esophageal varices, retroperitoneal varices and recto-anal varices respectively in clinical practice, and in the past, only the recognition of these four traffic branch veins was emphasized in the physical examination and diagnosis of portal hypertension, but not in the treatment. The role of compensatory shunts is not recognized in the treatment. In fact, these traffic branch veins are the body’s own compensatory shunts, which are the natural shunts gradually formed in the course of the disease with the development of the disease, and they are the compensatory shunts more in line with the pathological and physiological needs than the medical shunts, except that a small part of the branch vessels pass through the esophageal wall and the gastric wall into the submucosa of the esophagus and the stomach, and cause the varices to rupture and hemorrhage under certain conditions, so as long as these are blocked Therefore, by blocking these penetrating branch veins that cause GI bleeding and preserving the main trunk of the traffic branch veins, the compensatory shunt effect of the portal traffic branch can be preserved and the GI bleeding caused by the penetrating branch veins can be avoided.