Pain, one of the most common symptoms of malignant tumor patients, seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The incidence of pain in malignant tumor patients reaches 60–80% in advanced stage, and one-third of patients have severe pain level. Cancer pain can cause anxiety, fear, depression, insomnia, fatigue, loss of appetite, paranoia, hostility, despair, loneliness, suicidal tendency, etc., which seriously affects patients’ daily life, self-care ability, social ability and overall quality of life. Psychological treatment and care for cancer pain should be carried out throughout the whole process of cancer pain treatment, and psychological care should involve doctors, nurses, family members and patients. Psychological treatment is an important method for non-pharmacological treatment of cancer pain, including psycho-emotional support, cognitive therapy, behavioral therapy, suggestion, hypnotherapy, etc. Psycho-emotional support mainly includes sympathy, care, comfort, encouragement and support, listening to patients’ feelings, explaining the basic knowledge of pain treatment and having open verbal conversation with patients and family members. Medical and nursing staff should do a good job in educating patients and family members, such as encouraging patients to describe the degree of pain; explaining that most cancer pain can be effectively controlled by medication, and patients should cooperate with doctors’ guidance, take medication regularly, and should not adjust the dose of analgesic drugs and treatment plan by themselves; informing patients that analgesic treatment is an important part of comprehensive treatment for malignant tumors, and that pain tolerance is harmful to patients. Beneficial thinking means dealing with problems or stress more effectively. Encouraging patients to challenge their own automatic non-beneficial thinking helps build confidence, for example, teaching patients to keep a pain diary is a good way. Behavioral therapies include cold and hot skin stimulation, distraction, relaxation therapy, and socializing with people around the patient, which can help the patient stay calm and change behavioral traits such as anger, irritability, reticence, and feelings of loss. Hypnotherapy is mainly to achieve the role and meaning of hypnosis in high-speed patients, and is suitable for patients with symptoms such as sleep disorders, anxiety and terror. This treatment method, which has no destructive side effects, does not produce tolerance and has no effect on intelligence. The key to mastering psychological treatment and care is that medical and nursing staff should learn communication skills, be familiar with cancer pain treatment methods, master the methods of assessing pain levels and be able to provide the right help to patients. When assessing patients’ anxiety and depression, health care professionals should pay attention to patients’ sleep quality and identify patients’ suicidal tendencies early. In the early stage of cancer confirmation, patients mostly see acute anxiety disorder, and in the later stage, mixed anxiety-depression disorder, i.e., somatic symptoms accompanied by a depressed state of mind, can occur. In mild pain, the patient’s sleep is usually not disturbed, and the patient can tolerate it and live a normal life; in moderate pain, the pain symptoms are obvious, the patient cannot tolerate it and requires analgesics, and the sleep is disturbed; in severe pain, the pain is severe and unbearable, and the sleep is severely disturbed, with autonomic disorder or passive body position. In psychotherapy and care, special attention should be paid to the suicidal tendencies of the patient. The patient should be alerted to accidents when the patient appears to be silent unlike before, behaves abnormally, such as contemplating, being lost in thought, wandering, writing a will, etc., refuses treatment, and hides a knife or rope inside the drawer or under the pillow. Family members play an important role in psychotherapy. They can assist the patient to reflect the pain situation in time, which helps to adjust the treatment plan; they can remind and supervise the patient to suggest and take the medication correctly according to the measurement; they can help the patient to overcome and deal with the side effects of analgesic drugs, such as constipation, nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression, etc.; they can assist the patient to create a comfortable sleeping environment, reasonable diet, rehabilitation plan, and help the patient to relieve the psychological pressure. Health care professionals should provide psychological assistance to family members while paying attention to their role.