Minimally invasive treatment of cervical spondylosis

  I. Introduction of low temperature plasma In the 1990s, radiofrequency vaporization was widely used in cosmetic surgery and joint surgery, and in 1999, the FDA formally approved its application in minimally invasive spine surgery. 2000 July, the United States successfully applied radiofrequency technology to spine surgery for the first time, and achieved the first case of percutaneous lumbar radiofrequency ablation myeloplasty for disc herniation, and in September 2002, the United States The first case of cervical radiofrequency ablation myeloplasty was performed with success. Plasma disc ablation is a safe, minimally invasive treatment for cervical and lumbar disc herniation. This technique can be used to treat a variety of complicated symptoms caused by nerve irritation due to increased intradiscal pressure, and is one of the effective methods for minimally invasive cryoablation and precise thermal wrinkling techniques for precise and controlled nucleoplasty and disc decompression.  The principle of low-temperature plasma is as follows: the application of plasma ablation technology (Coblation), combining thermal coagulation and ablation to remove part of the nucleus pulposus, using low-temperature plasma ablation technology to vaporize part of the nucleus pulposus tissue in real time to reduce the volume of the nucleus pulposus; and then using precise thermal wrinkling technology to heat up the nucleus pulposus tissue contacted by the blade to about 70°C, so that the total volume of the nucleus pulposus is reduced This reduces the pressure in the disc to achieve decompression. The plasma ablation technique (Coblation) applies radiofrequency energy to a conductive medium (usually saline) to form a highly convergent thin layer of low temperature plasma around the electrode with excitation energy. The thin layer of plasma consists of highly ionized particles with sufficient kinetic energy to break the peptide bonds of large molecules in the tissue, causing them to break down into low molecular weight molecules and atoms, which are expelled from the body through the puncture channels, resulting in real-time, efficient and precise cutting and ablation effects.  II. Advantages of plasma ablation and wrinkling 1. The thin layer of low-temperature plasma formed at the front end of the cutter head can precisely ablate the pulpal tissue and has the incomparable advantages of other technologies with advanced science.  2, the plasma head are bipolar structure, the electric field will not penetrate deep into the patient’s body, with a very high safety factor, plasma ablation only produces a temperature of 53 ℃, the temperature of 1 mm beyond the surface of the head is less than 43 ℃, the plasma knife can precisely control the temperature at 60-70 ℃, so that the collagen molecule spiral structure crinkled, to achieve the shaping effect without affecting the cell activity. In the case of correct operation, there will be no thermal damage to other surrounding tissues.  3.With real-time ablation function, the decompression effect can be shown during the operation, and the postoperative effect can be seen immediately, with an efficiency of 97% and a satisfaction rate of 81%.  C. Indications for cervical plasma 1. stiffness/soreness/pain/numbness of the collar and back; 2. dizziness/headache/numbness of the head and face; 3. vascular pulsation and distension of the top of the temporal area; 4. transient blackness; 5. dryness/distension of the eyeballs/decreased vision; 6. nasal blockage; 7. tinnitus/hearing loss; 8. heartburn/palpitations/shortness of breath; 9. nausea/vomiting; 10. sternum ( 11, upper extremity soreness/pain/numbness/weakness; 12, upper extremity/lower extremity cold; 13, lower extremity weakness/unsteady walking/soreness and numbness; 14, memory loss; 15, refractory hypertension; 16, decreased sleep quality (dreamy and easy to wake up, etc.); 17, chest and abdominal band feeling/walking on cotton; 18, waist and hip soreness/pain; IV, percutaneous Perioperative management of minimally invasive low-temperature plasma Preoperative improvement of cervical spine MRI, cervical spine front and side, power position film examination, as well as electrocardiogram, whole chest film, coagulation picture, blood and urine and other routine examinations are sufficient. The operation is performed under local anesthesia, and there is no need to fast before the operation, and you can eat and drink and move freely after the operation. If there are no special circumstances, you can be discharged from the hospital the day after surgery to recuperate, and the hospital stay will be 2-3 days.  V. Postoperative prevention and health care Wear a neck brace for 2-3 weeks after surgery. Some patients’ symptoms may fluctuate during this period, so there is no need to be anxious. Sleep with a low pillow and a slightly elevated pillow when lying on your side, and a duck down pillow is recommended to keep the neck muscles relaxed. Do not work with your head down for too long, rest for 5-10 minutes every 40-50 minutes, and do the “rice” health exercise.