Simply put, the body’s pump (heart) cannot pump water properly, resulting in a series of symptoms. Common symptoms of left heart failure include: decreased activity endurance, paroxysmal dyspnea, inability to lie down at night, telescopic breathing, pleural effusion, cardiogenic asthma, etc.; right heart failure manifests as: lower limb edema, jugular vein anger, liver enlargement, ascites, etc. Heart failure is the final manifestation of most heart diseases, such as ischemic heart disease due to heart attack, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertensive heart disease loss, valvular disease, precordial disease, myocarditis, etc. Echocardiography can accurately identify patients with heart failure, ventricular enlargement, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, etc. Heart failure is a chronic disease and there is no cure for it, and not many heart transplants are done nationwide. We have many such patients in our clinic who are hospitalized many times a year due to recurrent acute attacks of chronic heart failure, and their quality of life is very poor. The first thing is to control the primary disease as much as possible. Patients seen for heart failure symptoms should first figure out what the cause of the heart failure episode is. It is common to rule out ischemic heart disease due to severe coronary artery disease, hypertension due to long-term poor control of hypertension, heart failure due to valvular disease, heart failure due to congenital heart disease (such as ventricular defect), clear history of myocarditis, etc. Therefore, based on the patient’s medical history, echocardiographic results and coronary CT or coronary angiography results, the most common types of causes are initially excluded and effective symptomatic treatment is given, and some patients can be effectively treated, such as ischemic heart disease and valvular disease. For patients with heart failure for whom no clear cause can be found, the initial diagnosis is primary dilated cardiomyopathy, and they enter long-term drug maintenance therapy. Second, long-term drug therapy is the cornerstone. The current standard clinical “golden triangle” therapy, i.e., aldosterone inhibitors, beta-blockers and ACEI or ARB drugs, has been confirmed by multiple evidence-based medical evidence to improve the prognosis of heart failure patients and reduce mortality. These include: furosemide or hydrochlorothiazide, spironolactone, betalactone or carvedilol, perindopril or valsartan, etc. The overall principle is to slow down the heart rate, reduce the heart load and improve ventricular remodeling. For cardiac drugs like digitalis (digoxin), clinical studies have found that it does not improve the prognosis of heart failure patients, so it is not recommended for long-term use. As for patients admitted to hospital for treatment of heart failure exacerbation, on the basis of controlling the triggering factors of this heart failure (such as lung infection, cold, etc.), protein supplementation combined with intravenous diuretic therapy is the most effective method to rapidly improve symptoms. The third is to strengthen life management and reduce the heart load. The first one is weight control, hospitalized patients with exacerbation of heart failure, within a few days of admission we mainly apply intravenous diuretics to excrete excess water from the patient’s body, the patient’s weight is significantly reduced, and the heart failure symptoms are rapidly improving, which is why I instructed the discharged patients to monitor their weight daily, limit the amount of water they drink every day, only a sip of water when thirsty, not a sip, and a low salt diet, when the weight is more than before When the weight is significantly increased, please do not be happy, not you gain weight, is the body excess water can not be discharged, to immediately increase the dosage of oral diuretics, if not, the heart load increased, you will have to commit heart failure symptoms. The second, avoid or find risk factors that can aggravate heart failure, the most obvious is the cold, lung infection, emotional excitement, sudden atrial fibrillation, hyperthyroidism, anemia aggravation, rheumatic activity, pulmonary embolism and so on, all of these factors will lead to significantly faster heart rate and increased heart load, thus triggering an acute attack of heart failure. Once the above triggers occur, be alert to the onset of acute heart failure symptoms at all times. Therefore, for many elderly patients, it is very important to get vaccinated during the flu outbreak season and to live calmly and quietly. Fourth, regular follow-up. Heart failure is a chronic disease that requires regular (at least 3 months to 6 months) follow-up visits to the hospital to monitor and adjust long-term medications, give health management, and timely detection of risk factors that can lead to heart failure exacerbation, which is very important to improve the patient’s prognosis. For patients with severe heart failure (left ventricular ejection fraction <35%), conventional drug therapy and life control cannot control the symptoms well, and currently effective drugs include: intravenous pumping of levosimendan, neurontin, new heart rate control drugs such as ivabradine, etc.; effective means include: implantation of three-chamber pacemakers (resynchronization therapy), extracorporeal mechanical assisted pumps (ECMO, etc.) and heart transplantation. The effective means are: implantation of triple-chamber pacemakers (resynchronization therapy), extracorporeal mechanical assist pumps (ECMO, etc.) and heart transplantation.