Among our five senses, the nose is in the middle of the position, so when looking at others, the eyes often fall on the nose first, so the nose is not only the high point of the face, but also the first line of beauty. Of course, the nose not only has a cosmetic role, it has other more important functions, the following we will understand the essential for everyone – the nose. The nose is divided into three parts: the external nose, nasal cavity and sinuses. The external nose is the part that we can all see at a glance, it is composed of skin, subcutaneous tissue and cartilage scaffolding composed of lateral nasal cartilage and large pterygoid cartilage and bony scaffolding composed of nasal bone and maxillary frontal process. It is because of cartilage and bone as scaffolding that our nose is able to form a channel for breathing and it is these scaffolds that are responsible for the beauty of the nose or not. After receiving trauma to the nose, the cartilage is generally not fractured and broken because of its elasticity, while the upper part of the nasal bone that supports the bridge of the nose is composed of lamellar bone, which is brittle in texture and easily fractured. The nasal cavity has a complex structure and is divided into a superficial nasal vestibule and a deep intrinsic nasal cavity. The nasal vestibule is the inner part of the two nasal wings, like two semicircular caves, containing nasal hairs that serve as the first protective barrier of our respiratory tract, filtering out large dust, flying insects, etc.; this area is good for boils and inflammation, which are often associated with bad habits such as nose picking. The intrinsic nasal cavity is mainly composed of various forms of bones and mucous membranes on the surface. Its inner wall is the nasal septum, which is like a wall separating two rooms; the septum is made up of several plates of cartilage and hard bones spliced together, with mucous membranes covering both sides; it is important to know that it is not as straight as a real wall, and often has more or less deviations, and severe deviations can cause clinical symptoms such as nasal congestion and headache. There are three protrusions and three depressions on the lateral wall of the nasal cavity, which are the upper, middle and lower turbinates and the upper, middle and lower nasal passages, which make the nasal cavity like a maze. The turbinates are composed of the inner turbinate bone and the mucous membrane covered outside, and the lower layer of the mucous membrane is rich in blood vessels and has good elasticity, and with the expansion and contraction of blood vessels, the turbinates can also expand and shrink. I won’t go into the details. That said, our nasal cavity is so complex “design” is not without reason, especially our turbinates, can control the width of the nasal breathing passage by adjusting its size, so as to regulate the size of airflow; nasal cavity mucosa through the rich blood vessels in the warm blood flow to increase the temperature of the air flow, but also through the mucosa The mucous membrane in the nasal cavity is able to increase the humidity of the air by secreting mucus, and the complex nasal turbinates form another protective barrier, allowing smaller dust to settle here and avoid entering the lungs; if a large foreign object or flying insect enters the nasal cavity, our nose has a “unique technique” – sneezing. -Sneeze, the foreign body stimulates the nerve endings on the surface of the mucous membrane and triggers the sneeze reflex, which ejects the foreign body through a strong airflow, thus avoiding the risk of choking by entering the trachea. In addition, the nose has another very important function, that is, smell. Although the human sense of smell is less important than some animals, once the sense of smell is lost, the quality of life of the patient will be greatly reduced, neither can he feel the fragrance of flowers and food, nor can he distinguish the odor of gas and poison, and even affect the work of some special professions, such as food producers, firefighters, chemists, pharmacists, cosmetologists, etc. Similarly, we medical professionals have a very important function, that is, the sense of smell, Similarly, the work of our medical staff will also be affected to a certain extent; the part of the nose that senses smell is at the top of the “olfactory zone”, which is rich in olfactory cells and has special receptors on the surface that can receive odor molecules in the air, which are then converted into electrical signals and passed through the olfactory nerve to the brain, thus creating the sense of smell. The sense of smell has another special characteristic, called olfactory adaptation, as the saying goes: “If you enter the room of the orchid, you will not smell its fragrance for a long time; if you enter the restaurant of the abalone, you will not smell its stench for a long time”. Around the nasal cavity, there are four pairs of important air-containing cavities located in the bone, called sinuses, which are large and small, with different forms. The largest sinus located below the orbit is called the maxillary sinus, the sinus located between the two orbits is called the sieve sinus, the one located at the arch of the eyebrow is called the frontal sinus, and there is a pair of butterfly sinuses located at the very back of the nasal cavity. Each sinus has an opening to connect with the nasal cavity, just like the corridor in the middle of the dormitory building and the rooms on both sides, the nasal cavity is like the corridor, and the sinuses are like the rooms on both sides, and each room has a door to the corridor; this “doorway” (sinus opening) should be kept open so that the mucus secreted in the sinuses can be smoothly Once this “door” is blocked, secretions can not be discharged and long-term accumulation, there will be bacterial growth and inflammation, as the so-called “flowing water does not rot, the hub of the household is not worm-eaten”, and we speak of Chinese medicine “through is not pain, pain is not pass” is the same reason; we often hear about sinusitis is the inflammation of the four groups of sinuses, and the most common is the maxillary sinusitis, followed by sieve sinusitis, frontal sinusitis and butterfly sinusitis. The philosopher said: “existence is reasonable”, the existence of the sinuses also has its reason, otherwise our evolution will not be “more than one”. Sinuses are in the dense bone formed a cavity, you can reduce the weight of the head, more conducive to the flexible movement of the head, and not always “hanging head”; sinuses also exist to increase the resonance of sound, cushioning external forces to protect the role of the orbit, cranial brain and other important tissues. As you can see, the nose not only contributes to our cosmetic appearance, but also serves our breathing, smell, pronunciation, defense and other important functions, and even at night, when the other “brothers” in the five senses can rest, the nose is working silently all the time; the second Saturday of April every year is The second Saturday of April every year is “National Nose Day”, on that day, should we also say “thank you” to our nose?