Parkinson’s disease (Parkinson’s disease), also known as “tremor paralysis”, mostly develops after the age of 60. It is characterized by slow movements, tremors in the hands and feet or other parts of the body, and a loss of flexibility and stiffness in the body. The earliest systematic description of the disease was made by Dr. James Parkinson, a British physician, who did not yet know which category the disease should be placed in and called it “tremor paralysis”. Parkinson’s disease is the fourth most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly, affecting 1% of people aged ≥65 years and 0.4% of people aged >40 years. The disease can also develop in childhood or adolescence. Common signs 1, static tremor: tremor is often the earliest manifestation of the onset of the disease, usually starting from the distal part of one side of the upper limb, with the thumb, forefinger and middle finger as the main manifestation of the fingers like rubbing pills or counting banknotes as the same movement. Then it gradually extends to the lower limbs and opposite limbs on the same side, and in the late stage, it can spread to the jaw, lips, tongue and head. In the early stage of the disease, the patient is not too concerned about the tremor, often when the fingers or limbs in a particular position, when the change of position disappeared. Later on, the tremor develops only when the limbs are stationary, for example, when watching TV or talking with others, the limbs suddenly show involuntary tremor, and the tremor decreases or stops when the position is changed or when there is movement, so it is called stationary tremor, which is the most important feature of Parkinson’s disease tremor. The tremor is aggravated when the patient is agitated or nervous, and may disappear completely during sleep. Another characteristic of the tremor is its rhythmic nature, with a frequency of 4-7 vibrations per second. This feature can also help us to distinguish other disorders, such as those caused by chorea, cerebellar disorders, and hyperthyroidism. Patients often suffer from convulsions and even death, with serious consequences. 2, muscle stiffness: Parkinson’s disease patients’ limbs and body usually become very stiff. The early stage of the disease is mostly started by one side of the limbs. Initially, a unilateral limb movement is inflexible, stiffness, and gradually aggravated, there is a slow movement, and even do some daily life actions are difficult. If you pick up the patient’s shoulder or leg and help him move his joints, you will obviously feel that his limbs are stiff and it is very difficult to move his joints. If the affected limb has tremor at the same time, there is an intermittent sense of stagnation, just like the feeling of the rotation of two gears that bite together. 3, motor retardation: in the early stage, due to the upper arm muscles and finger muscles of the ankylosis, the patient’s upper limbs often can not make fine movements, such as untie shoelaces, buttons and other actions have become much slower than before, or can not be successfully completed. Writing also gradually becomes difficult, and the handwriting is curved and becomes smaller and smaller, which is known as “micrographia” in medicine. Facial muscle movement is reduced, the patient seldom blinks, the rotation of the eyes is reduced, and the expression is dull, as if wearing a mask, which is medically known as “mask face”. When walking, it is difficult to start, once started, the body leans forward, the center of gravity is shifted forward, the pace is small but faster and faster, and can not stop in time, i.e. “panic gait”. The coordinated swing of the upper limb on the affected side decreases or even disappears during walking; it is difficult to turn around, and it takes several consecutive small broken steps to turn around. Due to the motor disorders of the muscles of the mouth, tongue, forehead and pharynx, the patient could not swallow saliva naturally, resulting in profuse salivation. Speech is reduced and the voice is low and monotonous. In severe cases, this can lead to choking on food and water. In the advanced stage of the disease, patients cannot stand up by themselves after sitting down, cannot turn over by themselves after lying down, and cannot take care of themselves in daily life. Second, the cause of Parkinson’s disease is slow onset, the initial symptoms are often not noticed. However, when the following symptoms appear, Parkinson’s disease can be diagnosed clinically. Parkinson’s disease is mainly caused by pathological changes in the cells located in the “substantia nigra” of the midbrain, where the synthesis of dopamine decreases, the inhibition of acetylcholine decreases, and the excitatory effect of acetylcholine increases. The imbalance between the two results in “tremor paralysis”. The cause of degeneration and necrosis of nigrostriatal cells is still unknown, and may be related to genetic and environmental factors. Some scholars believe that insufficient intake of protein, fruits, dairy products, etc., alcoholism, trauma, overexertion, and certain mental factors may be risk factors for the disease. Unexplained reduction of dopamine caused by tremor paralysis, medically known as “primary tremor paralysis”, that is, Parkinson’s disease (also translated as Parkinson’s disease). Third, treatment methods 1, drug therapy, treatment of Parkinson’s drug gold index: compound levodopa, Antan, amantadine, Medopa, etc., can control the condition, relieve symptoms. 2.Brain pacemaker treatment. Fourth, preventive measures Parkinson’s disease can be clinically divided into primary and secondary. So far, the etiology of primary Parkinson’s disease is still not completely clear, and it is generally believed that it is mainly related to a combination of factors such as ageing, heredity and environment; secondary Parkinson’s disease is mostly caused by encephalitis, cerebral arteriosclerosis or manganese and carbon monoxide poisoning. Certain medications such as reserpine can also cause Parkinson’s disease symptoms, but they usually disappear when the medication is stopped. Since the world has not yet developed any effective drugs to treat Parkinson’s disease, early prevention, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment are particularly important. The main preventive measures include: 1, prevention and treatment of cerebral atherosclerosis is the fundamental measure to prevent Parkinson’s disease, clinically serious treatment of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia; 2, to avoid or reduce contact with toxic substances to the human nervous system, such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, manganese, mercury, etc.; 3, to avoid or reduce the application of endocannabinoids, rifampicin, chlorpromazine, and other drugs induced tremor paralysis; 4, to strengthen sports 4, strengthen sports and brain activities, slow down the aging of brain nerve tissue; 5, found that the elderly have upper limb tremor, hand tremor, slow movement and other early signs of Parkinson’s disease, should go to the hospital in a timely manner, for early diagnosis and early treatment. Fifth, the diet of Parkinson’s disease precautions Many Parkinson’s disease patients taking Medopa or benzoin, often with other drugs like taking after meals, the final effect is often not good, thought it was the drug is not right. Even many neurologists are not quite sure if to take. In fact, it should be taken about half an hour before meals, so as to avoid high protein after meals to inhibit the absorption of dopa. In addition, many people also believe that chronic diseases should be “supplemented”. Often patients take dopa-type preparations at the same time, to give patients to take turtle and other high-protein foods. As a result, the patient is not strong, but rather the disease recurrence, symptoms worsened. Parkinson’s disease itself has no contraindications, should be arranged in accordance with the principle of balanced diet diet. For Parkinson’s disease patients with normal chewing ability, they can refer to the dietary structure of normal people; for patients with poor chewing ability and digestive function, they should be given soft food, semi-fluid food and fluid according to the situation, so as to ensure the intake of calories, proteins, vitamins and minerals. Parkinson’s disease patients usually take levodopa drugs, this drug has a characteristic: it will be combined with the protein in food, affecting the absorption, so the medication must be spaced out from the time of eating meat and dairy products. For example, the protein content of milk has an effect on the absorption of levodopa drugs, which will reduce their efficacy, so it is recommended to drink milk at night before going to bed. In addition, it is recommended to use vegetable oil to cook food. As for foods such as cereals, vegetables and fruits and melons, they have less effect on levodopa and can be consumed without worry. In conclusion, the diet of Parkinson’s disease patients should take into account their condition, nutrition and medication, and it is best to consult a doctor and a dietitian. For patients who are not yet taking levodopa, there is no need to be overly concerned about protein intake.