Spina bifida surgery is a minimally invasive procedure in which a specialist uses microscopic techniques to precisely separate nerves and other tissues. Since many tissues are difficult to distinguish with the naked eye alone, microscopic techniques are needed to help the surgeon accurately separate the abnormal tissues without injuring the normal nerves, to effectively reduce post-operative complications. At the same time, if the operation takes longer, the longer the exposure time of the wound, the greater the possibility of suffering from raw infection, therefore, it is necessary to shorten the operation time as much as possible. The next step is to grasp the timing of surgery. The outcome of surgery is closely related to the age of the child, and generally speaking, the earlier the surgery, the better the outcome. If the best time for treatment is delayed, it will be difficult to improve the symptoms when the child is older or even an adult, when the nerves have already developed and stabilized. In addition, postoperative care is also an important aspect. The incision is usually in the lumbosacral region, which is connected to the lumbar spinal canal and adjacent to the anus and urethra, and the child needs to remain in the prone position for a long period of time after surgery. If the child does not handle urine and stool properly, and his resistance is weak, it is easy to contaminate the wound and cause infection. Once the infection penetrates deep into the spinal canal, it may lead to central spinal cord infection. Therefore, in the process of caring for the child, it is important not only to handle the urine and stool, but also to check and change the diapers in a timely manner, and to use waterproof, anti-infection patches on the incision and disinfect the incision properly.