The most advanced and difficult to solve mystery of the human body is the function of the nervous system. Many diseases such as the most common cardiovascular diseases are manifestations of neurological dysfunction: excessive sympathetic tension leads to vasodilation and contraction dysfunction, and long-term vasoconstriction inevitably results in a further increase in blood pressure, which eventually leads to cardiovascular events. It is even believed that from birth to adulthood, to old age and death, the whole life is accompanied by increasing sympathetic nerve activity. Therefore, if we can regulate and control the function of the nervous system, we will be able to prevent or treat many diseases. In a narrow sense, neuromodulation refers to the application of advanced devices and techniques (mainly human implanted spinal cord electrical stimulation, pulsed radiofrequency, etc.) to enhance or inhibit the activity of the nervous system to treat certain diseases. Broadly speaking, techniques that apply drugs, devices, etc. that can produce temporary or permanent effects on some or all of the functions of central or peripheral or visceral nerves can be called neuromodulation techniques. In this sense, modulation of nerve function has actually been applied in clinical medicine. Anesthesiology, a relatively mysterious discipline to the public, is a good example of the application of temporary modulation of nerve function. Of course, at present, this neuromodulation technique is mainly limited to anesthesia in conjunction with the completion of surgery, and its clinical application is far from being exploited. We have continuously researched and explored new neuromodulation and control techniques for various intractable neuralgia and non-painful diseases, and applied them to clinical practice with good results. The following is only an introduction to our routine CT-guided thoracolumbar sympathetic chain modulation for hand sweating, Raynaud’s disease and compensatory hyperhidrosis.