In 1840 Malgaigne, a Parisian surgeon, first reported the treatment of fractures by inserting an iron nail through the tibial fracture and fixing it with a looped band attached outside the body, and in 1843 developed a four-pronged external fixator for the patella. This became known as external fixation and has been used ever since, and Malgaigne is recognized as the founder of external fixation. The technique has evolved through more than 100 years of twists and turns, innovation and controversy, until the mid-20th century when it became recognized as one of the standard methods of fracture treatment. In 1980s, with the invention of ILizarov ring external fixator, the promotion of tension osteogenesis mechanism and creative application, its miraculous clinical effect shocked the world orthopedic industry and also made ILizarov technique become a synonym for external fixation and was regarded as the fourth milestone in the development history of orthopedic field and was widely used in the world. 1991 After ILizarov technology was introduced to China, it became the driving force to promote the development of bone external fixation technology in China.